概述
用于读取和写入 Apache ORC 文件格式的 PHP 库。它使用 swoole/phpy 扩展来调用 Python 模块 PyORC 以实现相关功能。
Apache ORC
Apache ORC 是一种专为 Hadoop 生态系统设计的列式存储文件格式,它具备高效的数据压缩和快速的查询性能。由于采用列式存储,ORC 格式在处理大规模数据时能够显著减少 I/O 开销,提高数据处理效率,广泛应用于大数据处理框架如 Apache Hive、Apache Spark 等。
特性:
- 读取 ORC 文件:PyORC 允许 Python 程序从 ORC 文件中读取数据。它支持按行或按列读取数据,并且可以根据需要选择读取特定的列,从而避免不必要的数据加载,提升读取效率。
- 写入 ORC 文件:能够将 Python 中的数据(如列表、字典等)以 ORC 格式写入文件。在写入过程中,可以指定数据的模式(schema),包括列名、数据类型等,以确保数据的正确存储。
- 数据模式处理:支持对 ORC 文件的数据模式进行解析和操作。可以获取文件的模式信息,也可以自定义模式来创建新的 ORC 文件。
Swoole Phpy
phpy 是识沃团队最新推出的开源项目,目标是为 PHP 引入 Python 生态,来弥补 PHP 生态的空缺和不足。phpy 使得 PHP 可以调用所有 Python 的包。
它为 PHP 开发者提供了一种在 PHP 代码里调用 Python 模块和函数的能力,搭建起了 PHP 和 Python 这两种编程语言之间的桥梁,极大地扩展了 PHP 的功能边界。
特性:
- 无缝调用 Python 代码:借助 phpy 扩展,PHP 开发者能够在 PHP 脚本里直接调用 Python 编写的函数、类和模块。这意味着可以利用 Python 丰富的科学计算、机器学习、数据分析等领域的库,比如 NumPy、SciPy、TensorFlow 等,而无需离开 PHP 开发环境。
- 数据类型映射:phpy 实现了 PHP 和 Python 数据类型之间的自动映射。例如,PHP 的数组可以自动转换为 Python 的列表或字典,PHP 的标量类型(如整数、浮点数、字符串等)也能正确地转换为 Python 对应的类型,反之亦然。这使得在两种语言之间传递数据变得非常方便。
- 高性能:phpy 在设计上注重性能优化,通过高效的底层实现,减少了 PHP 和 Python 之间的交互开销,确保数据传递和函数调用的高效性。
安装
Composer安装
composer require workbunny/php-orc
查看帮助
./vendor/bin/php-orc --help
Description:
List commands
Usage:
list [options] [--] [<namespace>]
Arguments:
namespace Thenamespacename
Options:
--raw Tooutputrawcommandlist
--format=FORMAT Theoutputformat (txt, xml, json, ormd) [default: "txt"]
--short Toskipdescribingcommands' arguments
-h, --help Displayhelpforthegivencommand. Whennocommandisgivendisplayhelpforthelistcommand
--silent Donotoutputanymessage
-q, --quiet Onlyerrorsaredisplayed. Allotheroutputissuppressed
-V, --version Displaythisapplicationversion
--ansi|--no-ansiForce (ordisable --no-ansi) ANSIoutput
-n, --no-interactionDonotaskanyinteractivequestion
-v|vv|vvv, --verboseIncreasetheverbosityofmessages: 1 fornormaloutput, 2 formoreverboseoutputand 3 fordebug
依赖环境安装
安装Python
通过.vendor/bin/php-orc install:python安装
./vendor/bin/php-orc install:python
[>] Checking and installing Python 3.10+ ...
[i] Python 3.10+ is already installed.
[√] Python installation complete.
安装成功后,查看安装成功的python版本号
# python -V
Python 3.12.8
安装PHPy拓展
通过.vendor/bin/php-orc install:phpy安装
./vendor/bin/php-orc install:phpy
[?] Please specify the installation directory (default: .runtime):
[>] Downloading the latest source code ...
Cloning into '/var/www/webman/workerman5.1/.runtime/swoole_phpy_latest'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 827, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (827/827), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (516/516), done.
remote: Total 827 (delta 327), reused 642 (delta 289), pack-reused 0 (from 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (827/827), 560.36 KiB | 1.74 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (327/327), done.
Updating files: 100% (749/749), done.
warning: the following paths have collided (e.g. case-sensitive paths
on a case-insensitive filesystem) and only one from the same
colliding group is in the working tree:
'lib/python/ast/BoolOp.php'
'lib/python/ast/boolop.php'
'lib/python/ast/ExceptHandler.php'
'lib/python/ast/excepthandler.php'
'lib/python/ast/Expr.php'
'lib/python/ast/expr.php'
'lib/python/ast/Mod.php'
'lib/python/ast/mod.php'
'lib/python/ast/Slice.php'
'lib/python/ast/slice.php'
'lib/python/ast/UnaryOp.php'
'lib/python/ast/unaryop.php'
[>] Installing dependencies...
[>] fetch https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.21/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
[>] fetch https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.21/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
[>] OK: 422 MiB in 104 packages
...
[√] PHPy installation completed successfully.
安装成功后,查看安装成功的phpy扩展和版本号
# php -m |grep phpy
phpy
查看phpy版本号
# php --ri phpy
phpy
phpy support => enabled
Copyright => 上海识沃网络科技有限公司
Email => service@swoole.com
Website => https://www.swoole.com/
Extension Version => 1.0.10
Python Version => 3.12.8 (main, Dec 7 2024, 05:56:13) [GCC 14.2.0]
安装pyorc模块
通过.vendor/bin/php-orc install:pyorc安装
./vendor/bin/php-orc install:pyorc
[>] Checking and installing Python PyORC ...
[>] Upgrading pip ...
[i] pip is already up-to-date.
[>] Installing TZData ...
WARNING: Package(s) not found: tzdata
[>] Collecting tzdata
[>] Downloading tzdata-2025.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl.metadata (1.4 kB)
[>] Downloading tzdata-2025.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (346 kB)
[>] Installing collected packages: tzdata
[>] Successfully installed tzdata-2025.1
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager, possibly rendering your system unusable.It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv. Use the --root-user-action option if you know what you are doing and want to suppress this warning.
[>] Installing PyORC-latest ...
WARNING: Package(s) not found: pyorc
[>] Collecting pyorc
[>] Downloading pyorc-0.10.0-cp312-cp312-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl.metadata (3.0 kB)
[>] Downloading pyorc-0.10.0-cp312-cp312-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl (3.8 MB)
[>] ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 3.8/3.8 MB 8.1 MB/s eta 0:00:00
[>] Installing collected packages: pyorc
[>] Successfully installed pyorc-0.10.0
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager, possibly rendering your system unusable.It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv. Use the --root-user-action option if you know what you are doing and want to suppress this warning.
[√] Python and PyORC installation complete.
开源技术小栈
安装过程如果提示以下错误:
[>] Checking and installing Python PyORC ...
[>] Upgrading pip ...
sh: pip: not found
请执行以下命令,安装 pip
apk update
apk add py3-pip
执行案例
PHPY案例
os.php文件
<?php
/**
* @desc 打印操作系统信息
* @author Tinywan(ShaoBo Wan)
*/
declare(strict_types=1);
function main(): void
{
$m = PyCore::import("os");
var_dump($m instanceof PyObject);
$rs = $m->uname();
echo $rs . PHP_EOL;
echo $rs->version . PHP_EOL;
}
main();
执行输出
# php os.php
bool(true)
posix.uname_result(sysname='Linux', nodename='b6fb15fcfed9', release='5.10.102.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2', version='#1 SMP Wed Mar 2 00:30:59 UTC 2022', machine='x86_64')
#1 SMP Wed Mar 2 00:30:59 UTC 2022
PyORC案例
文件读取 reader.php
<?php
/**
* @desc 文件读取
* @author Tinywan(ShaoBo Wan)
* @date 2025/2/26 22:51
*/
declare(strict_types=1);
usefunctionWorkbunny\PhpOrc\open;
require_once__DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';
$reader = new \Workbunny\PhpOrc\Reader(open(__DIR__ . '/vendor/workbunny/php-orc/examples/example-php.orc','rb'));
// header schema
var_dump(
// 总行数
$reader->count(),
// 头格式
$reader->schema(),
// 压缩类型
$reader->compression(),
// 元数据
$reader->userMetadata(),
// 写入方式
$reader->writerId(),
// 写入版本类型
$reader->writerVersion(),
// 基座版本
$reader->softwareVersion(),
// 格式版本
$reader->formatVersion()
);
// 迭代
$reader->iteration(function ($i, $row) {
var_dump($i, $row);
});
执行输出
# php reader.php
int(3)
string(52) "struct<id:int,group:string,name:string,email:string>"
int(0)
array(3) {
'group' =>
string(9) "workbunny"
'user' =>
string(9) "chaz6chez"
'email' =>
string(25) "chaz6chez1993@outlook.com"
}
string(14) "ORC_CPP_WRITER"
int(6)
string(13) "ORC C++ 2.1.0"
array(2) {
[0] =>
int(0)
[1] =>
int(12)
}
int(0)
array(4) {
[0] =>
int(1)
[1] =>
string(9) "workbunny"
[2] =>
string(5) "test1"
[3] =>
string(19) "test1@workbunny.com"
}
int(1)
array(4) {
[0] =>
int(2)
[1] =>
string(9) "workbunny"
[2] =>
string(5) "test2"
[3] =>
string(19) "test2@workbunny.com"
}
int(2)
array(4) {
[0] =>
int(3)
[1] =>
string(9) "workbunny"
[2] =>
string(5) "test3"
[3] =>
string(19) "test3@workbunny.com"
}