优化工作流程的 Python 自动化脚本五例

import os
import shutil
import datetime

# 定义源目录和目标目录
source_dir = '/path/to/source'
backup_dir = '/path/to/backup'

def backup_files():
    # 获取当前日期时间作为备份文件夹名
    timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S')
    backup_folder = os.path.join(backup_dir, timestamp)
    
    # 创建备份文件夹
    os.makedirs(backup_folder, exist_ok=True)
    
    # 遍历源目录下的所有文件
    for filename in os.listdir(source_dir):
        file_path = os.path.join(source_dir, filename)
        
        # 只复制文件，不复制子目录
        if os.path.isfile(file_path):
            shutil.copy2(file_path, backup_folder)  # 使用copy2保留元数据
    
    print(f"Backup completed to {backup_folder}")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    backup_files()
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import pandas as pd

# 读取CSV文件
df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')

# 查看前5行数据
print(df.head())

# 去除重复记录
df.drop_duplicates(inplace=True)

# 填充缺失值
df.fillna(method='ffill', inplace=True)

# 转换列的数据类型
df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date'])

# 输出处理后的数据
print(df.head())
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import os

# 定义源目录
source_dir = '/path/to/source'

def rename_files():
    # 遍历源目录下的所有文件
    for filename in os.listdir(source_dir):
        # 检查是否为文件
        if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(source_dir, filename)):
            # 提取文件名和扩展名
            base_name, extension = os.path.splitext(filename)
            
            # 新文件名规则：原文件名 + 当前序号
            new_name = f"{base_name}_new{extension}"
            
            # 构建新旧文件路径
            old_path = os.path.join(source_dir, filename)
            new_path = os.path.join(source_dir, new_name)
            
            # 重命名文件
            os.rename(old_path, new_path)
            print(f"Renamed: {filename} -> {new_name}")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    rename_files()
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import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

# 邮件信息
sender_email = 'your_email@example.com'
receiver_email = 'receiver_email@example.com'
password = 'your_password'

def send_email(subject, message):
    # 创建邮件对象
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg['From'] = sender_email
    msg['To'] = receiver_email
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    
    # 添加邮件正文
    msg.attach(MIMEText(message, 'plain'))
    
    # 发送邮件
    with smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.example.com', 465) as server:
        server.login(sender_email, password)
        server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, msg.as_string())
        print("Email sent successfully!")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    subject = "Daily Report"
    message = "This is the daily report for today."
    send_email(subject, message)
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import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

def fetch_data(url):
    # 发送请求
    response = requests.get(url)
    response.raise_for_status()  # 检查请求是否成功
    
    # 解析HTML
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
    
    # 提取新闻标题
    titles = [title.text.strip() for title in soup.find_all('h2')]
    
    # 提取新闻摘要
    summaries = [summary.text.strip() for summary in soup.find_all('p')]
    
    # 返回结果
    return titles, summaries

if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = 'https://example.com/news'
    titles, summaries = fetch_data(url)
    print("News Titles:", titles)
    print("News Summaries:", summaries)
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