概述
文档环境
- 开发环境：Windows 11
- 编译环境：Ubuntu 22.04
- 开发板型号：DAYU 200（RK3568）
- 系统版本：OpenHarmony-3.2-Release
- 涉及仓库：applications_launcher
功能简介
- 在OpenHarmony系统中预安装应用的hap包会随系统编译打包到镜像中，目前有两种编译预安装应用hap包的方式，一种为随系统编译时，编译应用源码生成hap包的方式，另一种是将已生成的hap包放入系统源码中，再进行打包的方式。后者需要开发者使用DevEco Studio或其它途径，把应用源码编译构建为hap包，再将hap放入系统源码中。
- 本文档以系统应用Launcher为例，带大家了解如何通过系统源码编译应用的方式来打包预安装应用。
3.2-Release系统编译Launcher
删除或注释系统中默认的Launcher应用hap包编译方式。
文件位置：applications/standard/hap/BUILD.gn
group("hap") {
deps = [
...
# "//applications/standard/hap:launcher_hap", // 直接删除或注释，不参与编译
# "//applications/standard/hap:launcher_settings_hap", // 直接删除或注释，不参与编译
...
]
}
在applications/standard/launcher/product/phone目录中增加BUILD.gn文件。
内容如下：
import("//build/ohos.gni")
ohos_hap("launcher_hap") {
hap_profile = "src/main/module.json"
deps = [
":launcher_js_assets",
":launcher_resources",
]
certificate_profile = "../../signature/launcher.p7b"
hap_name = "Launcher_OS"
part_name = "prebuilt_hap"
subsystem_name = "applications"
js_build_mode = "release"
module_install_dir = "app/com.ohos.launcher"
}
ohos_js_assets("launcher_js_assets") {
ets2abc = true
source_dir = "src/main/ets"
}
ohos_resources("launcher_resources") {
sources = [ "src/main/resources", "../../common/src/main/resources" ]
deps = [ ":launcher_app_profile" ]
hap_profile = "src/main/module.json"
}
ohos_app_scope("launcher_app_profile") {
app_profile = "../../AppScope/app.json"
sources = [ "../../AppScope/resources" ]
}说明：
- 此处把产物名称hap_name定义为Launcher_OS是为了区分原系统源码中默认的hap包名称，实际可以填写为Launcher。
- 因为launcher_hap中使用了其它har（common）中的资源，所以launcher_resources中的sources需要添加依赖的resources资源目录，在步骤3中launcher_settings_hap
中的配置也是如此。
在applications/standard/launcher/feature/settings目录中增加BUILD.gn文件。
内容如下：
import("//build/ohos.gni")
ohos_hap("launcher_settings_hap") {
hap_profile = "src/main/module.json"
deps = [
":launcher_settings_js_assets",
":launcher_settings_resources",
]
certificate_profile = "../../signature/launcher.p7b"
hap_name = "Launcher_Settings_OS"
part_name = "prebuilt_hap"
subsystem_name = "applications"
js_build_mode = "release"
module_install_dir = "app/com.ohos.launcher"
}
ohos_js_assets("launcher_settings_js_assets") {
ets2abc = true
source_dir = "src/main/ets"
}
ohos_resources("launcher_settings_resources") {
sources = [ "src/main/resources", "../../common/src/main/resources" ]
deps = [ ":launcher_settings_app_profile" ]
hap_profile = "src/main/module.json"
}
ohos_app_scope("launcher_settings_app_profile") {
app_profile = "../../AppScope/app.json"
sources = [ "../../AppScope/resources" ]
}说明：
- 此处把产物名称hap_name定义为Launcher_Settings_OS是为了区分原系统源码中默认的hap包名称，实际可以填写为Launcher_Settings。
因为系统编译只可读取json后缀的配置文件，所以需要把应用源码中的app.json5和module.json5文件复制，并改名为app.json和module.json文件。
复制applications/standard/launcher/AppScope/app.json5文件为app.json。
复制applications/standard/launcher/product/phone/src/main/module.json5文件为module.json。
复制applications/standard/launcher/feature/settings/src/main/module.json5文件为module.json。
在applications/standard/hap/ohos.build文件module_list中增加launcher_hap模块和launcher_settings_hap模块编译。
{
"subsystem": "applications",
"parts": {
"prebuilt_hap": {
...
"module_list": [
...
"//applications/standard/launcher/product/phone:launcher_hap",
"//applications/standard/launcher/feature/settings:launcher_settings_hap",
...
]
}
}
}
修改预编译配置build/prebuilts_download_config.json文件，把launcher依赖增加到npm_install_path列表中。
{
"prebuilts_download_dir": "../OpenHarmony_canary_prebuilts",
"npm_install_path": [
"developtools/ace_ets2bundle/compiler",
"developtools/ace_js2bundle/ace-loader",
"third_party/jsframework",
"arkcompiler/ets_frontend/ts2panda",
"arkcompiler/ets_frontend/legacy_bin/api8",
"interface/sdk-js/build-tools",
"applications/standard/launcher/common",
"applications/standard/launcher/feature/appcenter",
"applications/standard/launcher/feature/bigfolder",
"applications/standard/launcher/feature/form",
"applications/standard/launcher/feature/gesturenavigation",
"applications/standard/launcher/feature/numbadge",
"applications/standard/launcher/feature/pagedesktop",
"applications/standard/launcher/feature/recents",
"applications/standard/launcher/feature/smartdock",
"applications/standard/launcher/feature/settings",
"applications/standard/launcher/product/phone"
],
...
}
执行预编译指令。
bash build/prebuilts_download.sh --skip-ssl可以在应用源码中看到应用内的依赖已经被正确的加载。
执行源码编译指令。如果以下2个目录产物正确，则说明应用源码编译方式修改成功。
在out/rk3568/obj/applications/standard/launcher目录中，会生成2个hap的编译产物。
在out/rk3568/packages/phone/system/app/com.ohos.launcher目录中，是实际系统环境中的hap包产物。
烧录系统验证功能。
Launcher正常启动：
系统应用目录文件正确：
