云原生之 Sqoop on k8s 讲解与实战操作-51CTO.COM

一、概述

Sqoop是一个在结构化数据和Hadoop之间进行批量数据迁移的工具，结构化数据可以是MySQL、Oracle等RDBMS。Sqoop底层用MapReduce程序实现抽取、转换、加载，MapReduce天生的特性保证了并行化和高容错率，而且相比Kettle等传统ETL工具，任务跑在Hadoop集群上，减少了ETL服务器资源的使用情况。在特定场景下，抽取过程会有很大的性能提升。

Sqoop 架构：

官网：https://sqoop.apache.org/
官方文档：https://sqoop.apache.org/docs/1.99.7/index.html
GitHub：https://github.com/apache/sqoop
想了解更多Sqoop也可参考我这篇文章：大数据Hadoop之——数据同步工具Sqoop
这里的hadoop环境部署可以参考我这篇文章：【云原生】Hadoop HA on k8s 环境部署
mysql环境部署可以参考我这篇文章：【云原生】MySQL on k8s 环境部署

二、开始编排部署

1）下载 Sqoop 部署包

下载地址：http://archive.apache.org/dist/sqoop/

wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/sqoop/1.99.7/sqoop-1.99.7-bin-hadoop200.tar.gz
tar -xf sqoop-1.99.7-bin-hadoop200.tar.gz

2）构建镜像

Dockerfile

FROM myharbor.com/bigdata/centos:7.9.2009
RUN rm -f /etc/localtime && ln -sv /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone
ENV LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

RUN groupadd --system --gid=10000 admin && useradd --system --home-dir /home/admin --uid=10000 --gid=admin -m admin

### install tools
RUN yum install -y vim tar wget curl less telnet net-tools lsof mysql

RUN mkdir -p /opt/apache

COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /opt/apache/
RUN chmod +x /opt/apache/docker-entrypoint.sh

### JDK
ADD jdk-8u212-linux-x64.tar.gz  /opt/apache/
ENV JAVA_HOME /opt/apache/jdk1.8.0_212
ENV PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

### Sqoop
ADD sqoop-1.99.7-bin-hadoop200.tar.gz /opt/apache/
# 配置环境变量
ENV SQOOP_HOME=/opt/apache/sqoop
ENV PATH=$SQOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH
ENV SQOOP_SERVER_EXTRA_LIB=$SQOOP_HOME/lib
RUN ln -s /opt/apache/sqoop-1.99.7-bin-hadoop200 $SQOOP_HOME
ENV PATH=$SQOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH

# sqoop hadoop环境配置
ADD hadoop-3.3.2.tar.gz /opt/apache/
ENV HADOOP_HOME=/opt/apache/hadoop
RUN ln -s /opt/apache/hadoop-3.3.2 $HADOOP_HOME
ENV HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/etc/hadoop
ENV PATH=${HADOOP_HOME}/bin:$PATH

# mysql JDBC driver
# wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/mysql/mysql-connector-java/8.0.30/mysql-connector-java-8.0.30.jar
COPY mysql-connector-java-8.0.30.jar $SQOOP_HOME/lib/

# chown
RUN chown -R admin:admin /opt/apache

#设置的工作目录
WORKDIR $SQOOP_HOME

# 执行脚本，构建镜像时不执行，运行实例才会执行
ENTRYPOINT ["/opt/apache/docker-entrypoint.sh"]

开始构建镜像

docker build -t myharbor.com/bigdata/sqoop:sqoop-1.99.7-bin-hadoop200 . --no-cache

# 上传镜像
docker push myharbor.com/bigdata/sqoop:sqoop-1.99.7-bin-hadoop200

# 删除镜像
docker rmi myharbor.com/bigdata/sqoop:sqoop-1.99.7-bin-hadoop200
crictl rmi myharbor.com/bigdata/sqoop:sqoop-1.99.7-bin-hadoop200

3）创建sqoop chart模板

helm create sqoop

4）修改yaml编排

sqoop/values.yaml

image:
  repository: myharbor.com/bigdata/sqoop
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  # Overrides the image tag whose default is the chart appVersion.
  tag: "sqoop-1.99.7-bin-hadoop200"

securityContext:
  runAsUser: 10000
  runAsGroup: 10000
  privileged: true

service:
  type: ClusterIP
  port: 12000

sqoop/templates/configmap.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: {{ include "sqoop.fullname" . }}
  labels:
    {{- include "sqoop.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
data:
  sqoop.properties: |-
    # Sqoop configuration.
    #
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.debug=false
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.rootLogger=INFO, file
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.category.org.apache.sqoop=INFO
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.file.File=@LOGDIR@/sqoop.log
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.file.MaxFileSize=25MB
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.file.MaxBackupIndex=5
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.file.layout.Cnotallow=%d{ISO8601} %-5p [%l] %m%n
    # Audit logger for default configuration of FileAuditLogger
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.logger.audit=INFO, audit
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.audit=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.audit.File=@LOGDIR@/audit.log
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.audit.MaxFileSize=25MB
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.audit.MaxBackupIndex=5
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.audit.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    org.apache.sqoop.log4j.appender.audit.layout.Cnotallow=%d{ISO8601} %-5p [%l] %m%n

    #
    # Audit Loggers Configuration
    # Multiple audit loggers could be given here. To specify an
    # audit logger, you should at least add org.apache.sqoop.
    # auditlogger.[LoggerName].class. You could also provide
    # more configuration options by using org.apache.sqoop.
    # auditlogger.[LoggerName] prefix, then all these options
    # are parsed to the logger class.
    #
    org.apache.sqoop.auditlogger.default.class=org.apache.sqoop.audit.FileAuditLogger
    org.apache.sqoop.auditlogger.default.logger=audit
    
    #
    # Repository configuration
    # The Repository subsystem provides the special prefix which
    # is "org.apache.sqoop.repository.sysprop". Any property that
    # is specified with this prefix is parsed out and set as a
    # system property. For example, if the built in Derby repository
    # is being used, the sysprop prefixed properties can be used
    # to affect Derby configuration at startup time by setting
    # the appropriate system properties.
    #

    # Repository provider
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.provider=org.apache.sqoop.repository.JdbcRepositoryProvider

    # Repository upgrade
    # If set to true, it will not upgrade the sqoop respository schema, by default it will iniate the upgrade on server start-up
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.schema.immutable=false

    # JDBC repository provider configuration
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.jdbc.handler=org.apache.sqoop.repository.derby.DerbyRepositoryHandler
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.jdbc.transaction.isolatinotallow=READ_COMMITTED
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.jdbc.maximum.cnotallow=10
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.jdbc.url=jdbc:derby:@BASEDIR@/repository/db;create=true
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.jdbc.driver=org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.jdbc.user=sa
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.jdbc.password=

    # System properties for embedded Derby configuration
    org.apache.sqoop.repository.sysprop.derby.stream.error.file=@LOGDIR@/derbyrepo.log

    #
    # Sqoop Connector configuration
    # If set to true will initiate Connectors config upgrade during server startup
    #
    org.apache.sqoop.connector.autoupgrade=false

    #
    # Sqoop Driver configuration
    # If set to true will initiate the Driver config upgrade during server startup
    #
    org.apache.sqoop.driver.autoupgrade=false

    # Sleeping period for reloading configuration file (once a minute)
    org.apache.sqoop.core.configuration.provider.properties.sleep=60000

    #
    # Submission engine configuration
    #

    # Submission engine class
    org.apache.sqoop.submission.engine=org.apache.sqoop.submission.mapreduce.MapreduceSubmissionEngine

    # Number of milliseconds, submissions created before this limit will be removed, default is one day
    #org.apache.sqoop.submission.purge.threshold=
    
    # Number of milliseconds for purge thread to sleep, by default one day
    #org.apache.sqoop.submission.purge.sleep=

    # Number of milliseconds for update thread to sleep, by default 5 minutes
    #org.apache.sqoop.submission.update.sleep=

    # Hadoop configuration directory
    org.apache.sqoop.submission.engine.mapreduce.configuration.directory=/opt/apache/hadoop/etc/hadoop/

    # Log level for Sqoop Mapper/Reducer
    org.apache.sqoop.submission.engine.mapreduce.configuration.loglevel=INFO

    #
    # Execution engine configuration
    #
    org.apache.sqoop.execution.engine=org.apache.sqoop.execution.mapreduce.MapreduceExecutionEngine

    #
    # Authentication configuration
    #
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.type=SIMPLE
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.handler=org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.SimpleAuthenticationHandler
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.annotallow=true
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.type=KERBEROS
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.handler=org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.KerberosAuthenticationHandler
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.kerberos.principal=sqoop/_HOST@NOVALOCAL
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.kerberos.keytab=/home/kerberos/sqoop.keytab
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.kerberos.http.principal=HTTP/_HOST@NOVALOCAL
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.kerberos.http.keytab=/home/kerberos/sqoop.keytab
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.enable.doAs=true
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.proxyuser.#USER#.users=*
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.proxyuser.#USER#.groups=*
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.proxyuser.#USER#.hosts=*

    # Default user, default value is "sqoop.anonymous.user"
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authentication.default.user=

    #
    # Authorization configuration
    #
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authorization.handler=org.apache.sqoop.security.authorization.DefaultAuthorizationHandler
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authorization.access_cnotallow=org.apache.sqoop.security.authorization.DefaultAuthorizationAccessController
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authorization.validator=org.apache.sqoop.security.authorization.DefaultAuthorizationValidator
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authorization.authentication_provider=org.apache.sqoop.security.authorization.DefaultAuthenticationProvider
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.authorization.server_name=SqoopServer1

    #
    # SSL/TLS configuration
    #
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.tls.enabled=false
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.tls.protocol="TLSv1.2"
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.tls.keystore=
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.tls.keystore_password=

    #
    # Repository Encryption
    #
    
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.enabled=true
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.password=
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.password_generator=
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.hmac_algorithm=HmacSHA256
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.cipher_algorithm=AES
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.cipher_key_size=16
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.cipher_spec=AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.initialization_vector_size=16
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.pbkdf2_algorithm=PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1
    #org.apache.sqoop.security.repo_encryption.pbkdf2_rounds=4000
    
    
    # External connectors load path
    # "/path/to/external/connectors/": Add all the connector JARs in the specified folder
    #
    org.apache.sqoop.connector.external.loadpath=

    # Sqoop application classpath
    # ":" separated list of jars to be included in sqoop.
    #
    org.apache.sqoop.classpath.extra=

    # Sqoop extra classpath to be included with all jobs
    # ":" separated list of jars to be included in map job classpath.
    #
    org.apache.sqoop.classpath.job=

    #
    # Jetty Server configuration
    #
    #org.apache.sqoop.jetty.thread.pool.worker.max=500
    #org.apache.sqoop.jetty.thread.pool.worker.min=5
    #org.apache.sqoop.jetty.thread.pool.worker.alive.time=60
    org.apache.sqoop.jetty.port={{ .Values.service.port }}
    
    # Blacklisted Connectors
    # ":" separated list of connector names as specified in their
    # sqoopconnector.properties file
    org.apache.sqoop.connector.blacklist=

sqoop/templates/statefulset.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: {{ include "sqoop.fullname" . }}
  labels:
    {{- include "sqoop.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
spec:
  serviceName: {{ include "sqoop.fullname" . }}
  {{- if not .Values.autoscaling.enabled }}
  replicas: {{ .Values.replicaCount }}
  {{- end }}
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      {{- include "sqoop.selectorLabels" . | nindent 6 }}
  template:
    metadata:
      {{- with .Values.podAnnotations }}
      annotations:
        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
      {{- end }}
      labels:
        {{- include "sqoop.selectorLabels" . | nindent 8 }}
    spec:
      {{- with .Values.imagePullSecrets }}
      imagePullSecrets:
        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
      {{- end }}
      serviceAccountName: {{ include "sqoop.serviceAccountName" . }}
      securityContext:
        {{- toYaml .Values.podSecurityContext | nindent 8 }}
      containers:
        - name: {{ .Chart.Name }}
          securityContext:
            {{- toYaml .Values.securityContext | nindent 12 }}
          image: "` `.`Values`.`image`.`repository `:{{ .Values.image.tag | default .Chart.AppVersion }}"
          imagePullPolicy: {{ .Values.image.pullPolicy }}
          ports:
            - name: sqoop
              containerPort: {{ .Values.service.port }}
              protocol: TCP
          volumeMounts:
            - name: {{ .Release.Name }}-conf
              mountPath: /opt/apache/sqoop/conf/sqoop.properties
              subPath: sqoop.properties
          livenessProbe:
            tcpSocket:
              port: sqoop
          readinessProbe:
            tcpSocket:
              port: sqoop
          resources:
            {{- toYaml .Values.resources | nindent 12 }}
      {{- with .Values.nodeSelector }}
      nodeSelector:
        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
      {{- end }}
      {{- with .Values.affinity }}
      affinity:
        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
      {{- end }}
      {{- with .Values.tolerations }}
      tolerations:
        {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
      {{- end }}
      volumes:
        - name: {{ .Release.Name }}-conf
          configMap:
            name: {{ template "sqoop.fullname" . }}

5）开始部署

helm install sqoop ./sqoop -n sqoop --create-namespace
kubectl get pods,svc -n sqoop -owide

6）测试验证

1、数据从MYSQL导入到HDFS（Import）

【1】创建JDBC连接

$ kubectl exec -it `kubectl get pods -n sqoop|awk 'NR>1{print $1}'|head -1` -n sqoop -- sqoop2-shell

sqoop:000> set server --host sqoop-0.sqoop.sqoop --port 12000 --webapp sqoop
#sqoop:000> set server --url http://sqoop-0.sqoop.sqoop:12000/sqoop
# 先查看connector
sqoop:000> show connector
# 创建mysql连接
sqoop:000> create link -connector generic-jdbc-connector
Creating link for connector with name generic-jdbc-connector
Please fill following values to create new link object
Name: mysql-jdbc-link

Database connection

Driver class: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
Connection String: jdbc:mysql://mysql-primary.mysql:3306/sqoop?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimeznotallow=UTC&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
Username: root
Password: ****** #MGSwjTorGj
Fetch Size:
Connection Properties:
There are currently 0 values in the map:
entry#

SQL Dialect

Identifier enclose:
New link was successfully created with validation status OK and name mysql-jdbc-link
sqoop:000>

sqoop:000> show link
# 删除
# sqoop:000> delete link --name mysql-jdbc-link

【2】创建HDFS连接

sqoop:000> create link -connector hdfs-connector
Creating link for connector with name hdfs-connector
Please fill following values to create new link object
Name: hdfs-link

HDFS cluster

URI: hdfs://myhdfs
#URI: hdfs://hadoop-ha-hadoop-hdfs-nn-0.hadoop-ha-hadoop-hdfs-nn.hadoop-ha.svc.cluster.local:8082
Conf directory: /opt/apache/hadoop/etc/hadoop
Additional configs::
There are currently 0 values in the map:
entry#
New link was successfully created with validation status OK and name hdfs-link

sqoop:000> show link

【3】创建Job任务

首先先创建HDFS存储目录

hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/admin/sqoop/output/

再执行数据转换

$ kubectl exec -it `kubectl get pods -n sqoop|awk 'NR>1{print $1}'|head -1` -n sqoop -- sqoop2-shell

sqoop:000> set server --url http://sqoop-0.sqoop.sqoop:12000/sqoop

sqoop:000> create job -f "mysql-jdbc-link" -t "hdfs-link"
Creating job for links with from name mysql-jdbc-link and to name hdfs-link
Please fill following values to create new job object
Name: mysql2hdfs

Database source

Schema name: sqoop
Table name: test1
SQL statement:
Column names:
There are currently 0 values in the list:
element#
Partition column:
Partition column nullable:
Boundary query:

Incremental read

Check column:
Last value:

Target configuration

Override null value:
Null value:
File format:
  0 : TEXT_FILE
  1 : SEQUENCE_FILE
  2 : PARQUET_FILE
Choose: 0
Compression codec:
  0 : NONE
  1 : DEFAULT
  2 : DEFLATE
  3 : GZIP
  4 : BZIP2
  5 : LZO
  6 : LZ4
  7 : SNAPPY
  8 : CUSTOM
Choose: 0
Custom codec:
Output directory: /user/admin/sqoop/output
Append mode: 1

Throttling resources

Extractors: 1
Loaders: 1

Classpath configuration

Extra mapper jars:
There are currently 0 values in the list:
element#
New job was successfully created with validation status OK  and name mysql2hdfs
sqoop:000> show job
+----+------------+------------------------------------------+----------------------------+---------+
| Id |    Name    |              From Connector              |        To Connector        | Enabled |
+----+------------+------------------------------------------+----------------------------+---------+
| 2  | mysql2hdfs | mysql-jdbc-link (generic-jdbc-connector) | hdfs-link (hdfs-connector) | true    |
+----+------------+------------------------------------------+----------------------------+---------+
sqoop:000>

【4】执行Job

sqoop:000> show job
sqoop:000> start job -n mysql2hdfs

显示持久的作业提交对象

show submission
show submission --j jobName
show submission --job jobName --detail

2、数据导出（Haoop->RDBMS）

这个示例演示可以参考我这篇文章：大数据Hadoop之——数据同步工具Sqoop

7）卸载

helm uninstall sqoop -n sqoop
kubectl delete ns sqoop --force

git地址：https://gitee.com/hadoop-bigdata/sqoop-on-k8s

云原生之 Sqoop on k8s 讲解与实战操作