一看就懂的适配器设计模式

// 要转化成的接口定义
public interface ITarget {
  void f1();
  void f2();
  void fc();
}

// 一组不兼容ITarget接口定义的接口
public class Adaptee {
  public void fa() { //... }
  public void fb() { //... }
  public void fc() { //... }
}

// 将Adaptee转化成一组符合ITarget接口定义的接口 
public class Adaptor extends Adaptee implements ITarget {
  public void f1() {
    super.fa();
  }
  
  public void f2() {
    //...重新实现f2()...
  }
  
  // 这里fc()不需要实现，直接继承自Adaptee，这是跟对象适配器最大的不同点
}

// 对象适配器：基于组合
public interface ITarget {
  void f1();
  void f2();
  void fc();
}

public class Adaptee {
  public void fa() { //... }
  public void fb() { //... }
  public void fc() { //... }
}

public class Adaptor implements ITarget {
  private Adaptee adaptee;
  
  public Adaptor(Adaptee adaptee) {
    this.adaptee = adaptee;
  }
  
  public void f1() {
    adaptee.fa(); //委托给Adaptee
  }
  
  public void f2() {
    //...重新实现f2()...
  }
  
  public void fc() {
    adaptee.fc();
  }
}

// 该类来自外部SDK，无权修改其代码
public class CD {
  // ...
  public static void staticFunction1() { //... }
  
  public void uglyNamingFunction2() { //... }

  public void tooManyParamsFunction3(int paramA, int paramB, ...) { 
    //... 
  }
  
   public void lowPerformanceFunction4() { //... }
}

// 适配器模式重构
public class ITarget {
  
  void function1();
  
  void function2();
  
  void fucntion3(ParamsWrapperDefinition paramsWrapper);
  
  void function4();
  //...
}
// 适配器类的命名不一定非带Adaptor
public class CDAdaptor extends CD implements ITarget {
  //...
  public void function1() {
     super.staticFunction1();
  }
  
  public void function2() {
    super.uglyNamingFucntion2();
  }
  
  public void function3(ParamsWrapperDefinition paramsWrapper) {
     super.tooManyParamsFunction3(paramsWrapper.getParamA(), ...);
  }
  
  public void function4() {
    //...reimplement it...
  }
}

public class ASensitiveWordsFilter { // A敏感词过滤系统提供的接口
  //text是原始文本，函数输出用***替换敏感词之后的文本
  public String filterSexyWords(String text) {
    // ...
  }
  
  public String filterPoliticalWords(String text) {
    // ...
  } 
}

public class BSensitiveWordsFilter  { // B敏感词过滤系统提供的接口
  public String filter(String text) {
    //...
  }
}

public class CSensitiveWordsFilter { // C敏感词过滤系统提供的接口
  public String filter(String text, String mask) {
    //...
  }
}

// 未使用适配器模式之前的代码：代码的可测试性、扩展性不好
public class RiskManagement {
  private ASensitiveWordsFilter aFilter = new ASensitiveWordsFilter();
  private BSensitiveWordsFilter bFilter = new BSensitiveWordsFilter();
  private CSensitiveWordsFilter cFilter = new CSensitiveWordsFilter();
  
  public String filterSensitiveWords(String text) {
    String maskedText = aFilter.filterSexyWords(text);
    maskedText = aFilter.filterPoliticalWords(maskedText);
    maskedText = bFilter.filter(maskedText);
    maskedText = cFilter.filter(maskedText, "***");
    return maskedText;
  }
}

// 使用适配器模式进行改造
public interface ISensitiveWordsFilter { // 统一接口定义
  String filter(String text);
}

public class ASensitiveWordsFilterAdaptor implements ISensitiveWordsFilter {
  private ASensitiveWordsFilter aFilter;
  public String filter(String text) {
    String maskedText = aFilter.filterSexyWords(text);
    maskedText = aFilter.filterPoliticalWords(maskedText);
    return maskedText;
  }
}
//...省略BSensitiveWordsFilterAdaptor、CSensitiveWordsFilterAdaptor...

// 扩展性更好，更加符合开闭原则，如果添加一个新的敏感词过滤系统，
// 这个类完全不需要改动；而且基于接口而非实现编程，代码的可测试性更好。
public class RiskManagement { 
  private List<ISensitiveWordsFilter> filters = new ArrayList<>();
 
  public void addSensitiveWordsFilter(ISensitiveWordsFilter filter) {
    filters.add(filter);
  }
  
  public String filterSensitiveWords(String text) {
    String maskedText = text;
    for (ISensitiveWordsFilter filter : filters) {
      maskedText = filter.filter(maskedText);
    }
    return maskedText;
  }
}

// 外部系统A
public interface IA {
  //...
  void fa();
}
public class A implements IA {
  //...
  public void fa() { //... }
}
// 在我们的项目中，外部系统A的使用示例
public class Demo {
  private IA a;
  public Demo(IA a) {
    this.a = a;
  }
  //...
}
Demo d = new Demo(new A());

// 将外部系统A替换成外部系统B
public class BAdaptor implemnts IA {
  private B b;
  public BAdaptor(B b) {
    this.b= b;
  }
  public void fa() {
    //...
    b.fb();
  }
}
// 借助BAdaptor，Demo的代码中，调用IA接口的地方都无需改动，
// 只需要将BAdaptor如下注入到Demo即可。
Demo d = new Demo(new BAdaptor(new B()));

public class Collections {
  public static Emueration emumeration(final Collection c) {
    return new Enumeration() {
      Iterator i = c.iterator();
      
      public boolean hasMoreElments() {
        return i.hashNext();
      }
      
      public Object nextElement() {
        return i.next():
      }
    }
  }
}

List<String> stooges = Arrays.asList("Larry", "Moe", "Curly");

// log4j日志框架的适配器
// LocationAwareLogger继承自Logger接口，
// 即Log4jLoggerAdapter实现Logger接口。
package org.slf4j.impl;
public final class Log4jLoggerAdapter extends MarkerIgnoringBase
  implements LocationAwareLogger, Serializable {
  final transient org.apache.log4j.Logger logger; // log4j
 
  public boolean isDebugEnabled() {
    return logger.isDebugEnabled();
  }
 
  public void debug(String msg) {
    logger.log(FQCN, Level.DEBUG, msg, null);
  }
 
  public void debug(String format, Object arg) {
    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
      FormattingTuple ft = MessageFormatter.format(format, arg);
      logger.log(FQCN, Level.DEBUG, ft.getMessage(), ft.getThrowable());
    }
  }
 
  public void debug(String format, Object arg1, Object arg2) {
    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
      FormattingTuple ft = MessageFormatter.format(format, arg1, arg2);
      logger.log(FQCN, Level.DEBUG, ft.getMessage(), ft.getThrowable());
    }
  }
 
  public void debug(String format, Object[] argArray) {
    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
      FormattingTuple ft = MessageFormatter.arrayFormat(format, argArray);
      logger.log(FQCN, Level.DEBUG, ft.getMessage(), ft.getThrowable());
    }
  }
 
  public void debug(String msg, Throwable t) {
    logger.log(FQCN, Level.DEBUG, msg, t);
  }
}