大家好,我是华仔。
接触kubernetes已经4年多了,不过多是停留在能够使用,对其原理、源码不是很熟悉。对于平常执行的命令,它背后执行的流程、逻辑也不是很清楚。所以,最近打算去看看k8s各模块的源码。一来是加深对k8s各模块的理解和认识;二来是方便以后遇到问题好分析问题的根本原因,有理有据,则可以服人;再者后续跳槽也不怕被面试官的技术问题所难到了。那么今天,就来简单说一说pod创建的源码吧。文章有错误的地方还请指正,轻喷。首先,k8s的源码在github上即可获取。本次我看的是1.21.3。另外,很多翻译都是直译或翻译软件翻译的。请谅解。
正文
1、k8s源码中针对pod的增删改查是在源码包/pkg/kubelet/kubelet.go中的syncLoop()进行。如下所示:
- // syncLoop is the main loop for processing changes. It watches for changes from
- // three channels (file, apiserver, and http) and creates a union of them. For
- // any new change seen, will run a sync against desired state and running state. If
- // no changes are seen to the configuration, will synchronize the last known desired
- // state every sync-frequency seconds. Never returns.
- // syncLoop是处理更改的主循环。它感知来自三个channel(file,apiserver,http)的pod的变化,并且聚合它们。有任何的改变发生,将运行状态同步为期望状态。反之,则在每个同步周期内同步最后已知的期望状态。
- func (kl *Kubelet) syncLoop(updates <-chan kubetypes.PodUpdate, handler SyncHandler) {
- klog.InfoS("Starting kubelet main sync loop")
在syncLoop()中则通过kl.syncLoopIteration()针对pod具体执行具体的操作。
- kl.syncLoopMonitor.Store(kl.clock.Now())
- if !kl.syncLoopIteration(updates, handler, syncTicker.C, housekeepingTicker.C, plegCh) {
- break
- }
2、在syncLoopIteration有几个重要的参数,如下所示:
- // Arguments:
- // 1. configCh: a channel to read config events from
- // 2. handler: the SyncHandler to dispatch pods to
- // 3. syncCh: a channel to read periodic sync events from
- // 4. housekeepingCh: a channel to read housekeeping events from
- // 5. plegCh: a channel to read PLEG updates from
- // * configCh: dispatch the pods for the config change to the appropriate
- // handler callback for the event type
- // * plegCh: update the runtime cache; sync pod
- // * syncCh: sync all pods waiting for sync
- // * housekeepingCh: trigger cleanup of pods
- // * health manager: sync pods that have failed or in which one or more
- // containers have failed health checks
- func (kl *Kubelet) syncLoopIteration(configCh <-chan kubetypes.PodUpdate, handler SyncHandler,
- syncCh <-chan time.Time, housekeepingCh <-chan time.Time, plegCh <-chan *pleg.PodLifecycleEvent) bool {
- select {
- case u, open := <-configCh:
- // Update from a config source; dispatch it to the right handler
- // callback.
- if !open {
- klog.ErrorS(nil, "Update channel is closed, exiting the sync loop")
- return false
- }
SyncHandler是一个interface。包含对pod常见操作的几个方法。该接口由kubelet来实现。如下所示:
- // SyncHandler is an interface implemented by Kubelet, for testability
- # pod创建、更新、 删除...
- type SyncHandler interface {
- HandlePodAdditions(pods []*v1.Pod)
- HandlePodUpdates(pods []*v1.Pod)
- HandlePodRemoves(pods []*v1.Pod)
- HandlePodReconcile(pods []*v1.Pod)
- HandlePodSyncs(pods []*v1.Pod)
- HandlePodCleanups() error
- }
3、针对pod可进行的操作如下,每个操作都有对应的方法。比如ADD,就会去执行HandlePodAdditions方法
- // These constants identify the PodOperations that can be made on a pod configuration.
- const (
- // SET is the current pod configuration.
- SET PodOperation = iota
- // ADD signifies pods that are new to this source.
- ADD
- // DELETE signifies pods that are gracefully deleted from this source.
- DELETE
- // REMOVE signifies pods that have been removed from this source.
- REMOVE
- // UPDATE signifies pods have been updated in this source.
- UPDATE
- // RECONCILE signifies pods that have unexpected status in this source,
- // kubelet should reconcile status with this source.
- RECONCILE
- )
- switch u.Op {
- case kubetypes.ADD:
- klog.V(2).InfoS("SyncLoop ADD", "source", u.Source, "pods", format.Pods(u.Pods))
- // After restarting, kubelet will get all existing pods through
- // ADD as if they are new pods. These pods will then go through the
- // admission process and *may* be rejected. This can be resolved
- // once we have checkpointing.
- handler.HandlePodAdditions(u.Pods)
4、HandlePodAdditions又是如何去执行创建pod的呢?主要有以下几个操作:
- 1. 根据pod的创建时间进行排序
- sort.Sort(sliceutils.PodsByCreationTime(pods))
- 2. 将pod添加到podmanager中.因为kubelet它会依赖这个pod manager作为期望状态的一个凭证。
- 如果一个在pod manager中无法查询,那么就意味着它已经被apiserver删除了,不再需要其他操作
- // Always add the pod to the pod manager. Kubelet relies on the pod
- // manager as the source of truth for the desired state. If a pod does
- // not exist in the pod manager, it means that it has been deleted in
- // the apiserver and no action (other than cleanup) is required.
- kl.podManager.AddPod(pod)
- 3. 判断pod是不是静态pod
- mirrorPod, _ := kl.podManager.GetMirrorPodByPod(pod)
- 4. 通过dispatchWork分发任务
- kl.dispatchWork(pod, kubetypes.SyncPodCreate, mirrorPod, start)
- 5. 将pod加入到probe manager,即健康检查.包括startup probe、liveness probe、readiness probe。
- kl.probeManager.AddPod(pod)
dispatchWork又做了哪些事情呢?如下:
- // Run the sync in an async worker. 在一个异步worker中执行同步
- kl.podWorkers.UpdatePod(&UpdatePodOptions{
- Pod: pod,
- MirrorPod: mirrorPod,
- UpdateType: syncType,
- OnCompleteFunc: func(err error) {
- if err != nil {
- metrics.PodWorkerDuration.WithLabelValues(syncType.String()).Observe(metrics.SinceInSeconds(start))
- }
- },
- })
那么UpdatePod()又做哪些事情呢?
- // Creating a new pod worker either means this is a new pod, or that the
- // kubelet just restarted. In either case the kubelet is willing to believe
- // the status of the pod for the first pod worker sync. See corresponding
- // comment in syncPod.
- // 创建一个新的pod worker,意味着这是一个新的pod
- go func() {
- defer runtime.HandleCrash()
- p.managePodLoop(podUpdates)
- }()
managePodLoop()去执行同步。
- for update := range podUpdates {
- err := func() error {
- podUID := update.Pod.UID
- // This is a blocking call that would return only if the cache
- // has an entry for the pod that is newer than minRuntimeCache
- // Time. This ensures the worker doesn't start syncing until
- // after the cache is at least newer than the finished time of
- // the previous sync.
- status, err := p.podCache.GetNewerThan(podUID, lastSyncTime)
- if err != nil {
- // This is the legacy event thrown by manage pod loop
- // all other events are now dispatched from syncPodFn
- p.recorder.Eventf(update.Pod, v1.EventTypeWarning, events.FailedSync, "error determining status: %v", err)
- return err
- }
- // 这里去做同步
- err = p.syncPodFn(syncPodOptions{
- mirrorPod: update.MirrorPod,
- pod: update.Pod,
- podStatus: status,
- killPodOptions: update.KillPodOptions,
- updateType: update.UpdateType,
- })
- lastSyncTime = time.Now()
- return err
- }()
5、最终调用到pkg/kubelet/kuberuntime/kuberuntime_manager.go中SyncPod()进行pod的创建
- // SyncPod syncs the running pod into the desired pod by executing following steps:
- // 执行以下的步骤将运行的pod同步到期望的状态
- // 1. Compute sandbox and container changes.
- // 计算sanbox和container改变
- // 2. Kill pod sandbox if necessary.
- // 如果有必要就删除pod sandbox
- // 3. Kill any containers that should not be running.
- // 删除不需要运行的容器
- // 4. Create sandbox if necessary.
- // 需要的情况下创建sandbox
- // 5. Create ephemeral containers.
- // 创建临时容器
- // 6. Create init containers.
- // 创建初始化容器
- // 7. Create normal containers.
- // 创建普通容器
- func (m *kubeGenericRuntimeManager) SyncPod()
- // Step 1: Compute sandbox and container changes.
- podContainerChanges := m.computePodActions(pod, podStatus)
- klog.V(3).InfoS("computePodActions got for pod", "podActions", podContainerChanges, "pod", klog.KObj(pod))
- if podContainerChanges.CreateSandbox {
- ref, err := ref.GetReference(legacyscheme.Scheme, pod)
- if err != nil {
- klog.ErrorS(err, "Couldn't make a ref to pod", "pod", klog.KObj(pod))
- }
- if podContainerChanges.SandboxID != "" {
- m.recorder.Eventf(ref, v1.EventTypeNormal, events.SandboxChanged, "Pod sandbox changed, it will be killed and re-created.")
- } else {
- klog.V(4).InfoS("SyncPod received new pod, will create a sandbox for it", "pod", klog.KObj(pod))
- }
- }
- // Step 2: Kill the pod if the sandbox has changed.
- if podContainerChanges.KillPod {
- // Step 3: kill any running containers in this pod which are not to keep.
- for containerID, containerInfo := range podContainerChanges.ContainersToKill {
- klog.V(3).InfoS("Killing unwanted container for pod", "containerName", containerInfo.name, "containerID", containerID, "pod", klog.KObj(pod))
- killContainerResult := kubecontainer.NewSyncResult(kubecontainer.KillContainer, containerInfo.name)
- result.AddSyncResult(killContainerResult)
- if err := m.killContainer(pod, containerID, containerInfo.name, containerInfo.message, containerInfo.reason, nil); err != nil {
- killContainerResult.Fail(kubecontainer.ErrKillContainer, err.Error())
- klog.ErrorS(err, "killContainer for pod failed", "containerName", containerInfo.name, "containerID", containerID, "pod", klog.KObj(pod))
- return
- }
- // Step 4: Create a sandbox for the pod if necessary.
- podSandboxID := podContainerChanges.SandboxID
- if podContainerChanges.CreateSandbox {
- var msg string
- var err error
- klog.V(4).InfoS("Creating PodSandbox for pod", "pod", klog.KObj(pod))
- createSandboxResult := kubecontainer.NewSyncResult(kubecontainer.CreatePodSandbox, format.Pod(pod))
- result.AddSyncResult(createSandboxResult)
- podSandboxID, msg, err = m.createPodSandbox(pod, podContainerChanges.Attempt)
- // Step 5: start ephemeral containers
- // These are started "prior" to init containers to allow running ephemeral containers even when there
- // are errors starting an init container. In practice init containers will start first since ephemeral
- // containers cannot be specified on pod creation.
- if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.EphemeralContainers) {
- for _, idx := range podContainerChanges.EphemeralContainersToStart {
- start("ephemeral container", ephemeralContainerStartSpec(&pod.Spec.EphemeralContainers[idx]))
- }
- }
- // Step 6: start the init container.
- if container := podContainerChanges.NextInitContainerToStart; container != nil {
- // Start the next init container.
- if err := start("init container", containerStartSpec(container)); err != nil {
- return
- }
- // Successfully started the container; clear the entry in the failure
- klog.V(4).InfoS("Completed init container for pod", "containerName", container.Name, "pod", klog.KObj(pod))
- }
- // Step 7: start containers in podContainerChanges.ContainersToStart.
- for _, idx := range podContainerChanges.ContainersToStart {
- start("container", containerStartSpec(&pod.Spec.Containers[idx]))
- }
6、另外,pod worker还要做以下事情:
- # 创建pod数据目录、volume、获取image pull secrets。。。
- newPodWorkers(klet.syncPod --->pkg/kubelet/kubelet.go) //通过syncPod
- kubetypes.SyncPodKill
- kubetypes.SyncPodCreate
- podStatus.IPs = append(podStatus.IPs, ipInfo.IP)
- runnable.Admit
- kubetypes.IsStaticPod(pod)
- kl.makePodDataDirs(pod)
- kl.volumeManager.WaitForAttachAndMount(pod)
- kl.getPullSecretsForPod(pod)
- kl.containerRuntime.SyncPod(pkg/kubelet/container/runtime.go)
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