本文转载自微信公众号「后端Q」,作者conan。转载本文请联系后端Q公众号。
1、创建一个新的ASP.NET Core项目
在Visual Studio 2019中。需要版本16.8+
2、手动或使用NuGet在csproj中添加依赖项
安装最新版本:
- NLog.Web.AspNetCore 4.9+
- 如有可能,更新NLog软件包
在csproj中:
- <ItemGroup>
- <PackageReference Include="NLog.Web.AspNetCore" Version="4.9.3" />
- <PackageReference Include="NLog" Version="4.7.6" />
- </ItemGroup>
3、创建一个nlog.config文件。
在项目的根目录中创建nlog.config(全部小写)文件。
我们使用以下示例:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
- <nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- autoReload="true"
- internalLogLevel="Info"
- internalLogFile="c:\temp\internal-nlog.txt">
- <!-- enable asp.net core layout renderers -->
- <extensions>
- <add assembly="NLog.Web.AspNetCore"/>
- </extensions>
- <!-- the targets to write to -->
- <targets>
- <!-- write logs to file -->
- <target xsi:type="File" name="allfile" fileName="c:\temp\nlog-all-${shortdate}.log"
- layout="${longdate}|${event-properties:item=EventId_Id}|${uppercase:${level}}|${logger}|${message} ${exception:format=tostring}" />
- <!-- another file log, only own logs. Uses some ASP.NET core renderers -->
- <target xsi:type="File" name="ownFile-web" fileName="c:\temp\nlog-own-${shortdate}.log"
- layout="${longdate}|${event-properties:item=EventId_Id}|${uppercase:${level}}|${logger}|${message} ${exception:format=tostring}|url: ${aspnet-request-url}|action: ${aspnet-mvc-action}" />
- </targets>
- <!-- rules to map from logger name to target -->
- <rules>
- <!--All logs, including from Microsoft-->
- <logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="allfile" />
- <!--Skip non-critical Microsoft logs and so log only own logs-->
- <logger name="Microsoft.*" maxlevel="Info" final="true" /> <!-- BlackHole without writeTo -->
- <logger name="System.Net.Http.*" maxlevel="Info" final="true" /> <!-- BlackHole without writeTo -->
- <logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="ownFile-web" />
- </rules>
- </nlog>
请注意,如果删除所有其他LoggingProviders(如控制台)并且仅使用NLog,则可能必须特别注意Hosting Lifetime Startup Messages。因为这可能导致托管环境(Visual Studio / Docker / Azure容器)看不到已启动的应用程序。
4、更新program.cs
更新program.cs
- using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
- using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
- using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
- using System;
- using NLog.Web;
- namespace ASP.NET_Core_5_NLog_Example
- {
- public class Program
- {
- public static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- var logger = NLogBuilder.ConfigureNLog("nlog.config").GetCurrentClassLogger();
- try
- {
- logger.Debug("init main");
- CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
- }
- catch (Exception exception)
- {
- //NLog: catch setup errors
- logger.Error(exception, "Stopped program because of exception");
- throw;
- }
- finally
- {
- // Ensure to flush and stop internal timers/threads before application-exit (Avoid segmentation fault on Linux)
- NLog.LogManager.Shutdown();
- }
- }
- public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
- Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
- .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
- {
- webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
- })
- .ConfigureLogging(logging =>
- {
- logging.ClearProviders();
- logging.SetMinimumLevel(LogLevel.Trace);
- })
- .UseNLog(); // NLog: Setup NLog for Dependency injection
- }
- }
5、配置appsettings.json / appsettings.Development.json
中指定的日志记录配置appsettings.json会覆盖对的任何调用SetMinimumLevel。因此"Default":,请根据您的需要删除或正确调整它。
- {
- "Logging": {
- "IncludeScopes": false,
- "LogLevel": {
- "Default": "Trace",
- "Microsoft": "Warning",
- "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
- }
- },
- "AllowedHosts": "*"
- }
切记还要更新任何特定于环境的配置,以免引起任何意外。前任appsettings.Development.json
6、写日志
将ILogger注入您的控制器中:
- using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
- public class HomeController : Controller
- {
- private readonly ILogger<HomeController> _logger;
- public HomeController(ILogger<HomeController> logger)
- {
- _logger = logger;
- _logger.LogDebug(1, "NLog injected into HomeController");
- }
- public IActionResult Index()
- {
- _logger.LogInformation("Hello, this is the index!");
- return View();
- }
7、示例输出
启动ASP.NET Core网站时,我们得到两个文件:
- 2020-12-29 16:47:02.5291||DEBUG|ASP.NET_Core_5_NLog_Example.Program|init main |url: |action:
- 2020-12-29 16:47:03.5943|1|DEBUG|ASP.NET_Core_5_NLog_Example.Controllers.HomeController|NLog injected into HomeController |url: https://localhost/|action: Index
- 2020-12-29 16:47:03.5943||INFO|ASP.NET_Core_5_NLog_Example.Controllers.HomeController|Hello, this is the index! |url: https://localhost/|action: Index
- 2020-12-29 16:47:02.5291||DEBUG|ASP.NET_Core_5_NLog_Example.Program|init main
- 2020-12-29 16:47:03.5260||INFO|Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime|Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
- 2020-12-29 16:47:03.5260||INFO|Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime|Hosting environment: Development
- 2020-12-29 16:47:03.5260||INFO|Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime|Content root path: D:\nlog\NLog.Web\examples\ASP.NET Core 5\ASP.NET Core 5 NLog Example
- 2020-12-29 16:47:03.5943|1|DEBUG|ASP.NET_Core_5_NLog_Example.Controllers.HomeController|NLog injected into HomeController
- 2020-12-29 16:47:03.5943||INFO|ASP.NET_Core_5_NLog_Example.Controllers.HomeController|Hello, this is the index!