Linux是一个强大的操作系统,这篇文章收集了6个你可能没有用过的Linux命令,但却相当的有用,供大家参考。
1. bc
这个Linux命令用于精度比较高的数学运算。如:开平方根等。下面利用bc命令写个脚本(文件名:sqrt)
- #!/bin/bash
- if [ $
- then
- echo 'Usage: sqrt number'
- exit 1
- else
- echo -e "sqrt($1)\nquit\n" | bc -q -i
- fi
接着,可使用这个脚本进行平方根运算:
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]$ ./sqrt 36
- 6
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]$ ./sqrt 2.0000
- 1.4142
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]$ ./sqrt 10.0000
- 3.1622
2. split
如果你的文件很大,却接到命令要把它分割成小文件,那么这个命令就派上用场了。
- [hchen@RHELSVR5 applebak]# ls -l largefile.tar.gz
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 436774774 04-17 02:00 largefile.tar.gz
- [hchen@RHELSVR5 applebak]# split -b 50m largefile.tar.gz LF_
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]# ls -l LF_*
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_aa
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_ab
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_ac
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_ad
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:34 LF_ae
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:35 LF_af
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:35 LF_ag
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 52428800 05-10 18:35 LF_ah
- -rw-r--r-- 1 hchen hchen 17344374 05-10 18:35 LF_ai
反而来,合并也只需要简单的合并就行,如:
- [hchen@RHELSVR5]# cat LF_* >largefile.tar.gz
3. pgrep
pgrep名字前有个p,可以猜想它可能和grep有关,确实这是进程相关的grep命令。不过,这个命令主要是用来列举进程ID的。如:
- $ pgrep -u hchen
- 22441
- 22444
这个命令相当于:
- ps -ef | egrep '^hchen' | awk '{print $2}'
4. nl
nl命令其它和cat命令很像,只不过它会打上行号。如下所示:
- [hchen@RHELSVR5 include]# nl stdio.h | head -n 10
- 1 /* Define ISO C stdio on top of C++ iostreams.
- 2 Copyright (C) 1991,1994-2004,2005,2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- 3 This file is part of the GNU C Library.
- 4 The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- 5 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- 6 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- 7 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- 8 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
5. ldd
这个命令,用来可执行文件所使用了动态链接库。如:
- [hchen@RHELSVR5 ~]# ldd /usr/bin/java
- linux-gate.so.1 => (0x00cd9000)
- libgij.so.7rh => /usr/lib/libgij.so.7rh (0x00ed3000)
- libgcj.so.7rh => /usr/lib/libgcj.so.7rh (0x00ed6000)
- libpthread.so.0 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/libpthread.so.0 (0x00110000)
- librt.so.1 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/librt.so.1 (0x009c8000)
- libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x008b5000)
- libz.so.1 => /usr/lib/libz.so.1 (0x00bee000)
- libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00aa7000)
- libc.so.6 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/libc.so.6 (0x0022f000)
- libm.so.6 => /lib/i686/nosegneg/libm.so.6 (0x00127000)
- /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x00214000)
6. col
这个命令,能将man文件转成纯文本文件。如下示例:
- # PAGER=cat
- # man less | col -b > less.txt