之前MVC5和之前的版本中,我们要想对View文件的路径进行控制的话,则必须要对IViewEngine接口的FindPartialView或FindView方法进行重写,所有的视图引擎都继承于该IViewEngine接口,比如默认的RazorViewEngine。但新版本MVC6中,对视图文件的路径方式却不太一样了,目前有两种方式,一种是通过RazorViewEngine,另外一种是通过新特性IViewLocationExpander接口。
通过RazorViewEngine来控制View路径
在新版的RazorViewEngine中,该类提供了两个虚属性(AreaViewLocationFormats和ViewLocationFormats),可以用于重写控制,而不必再对FindPartialView或FindView方法进行重写,示例如下:
- public class ThemeViewEngine : RazorViewEngine
- {
- public ThemeViewEngine(IRazorPageFactory pageFactory,
- IRazorViewFactory viewFactory,
- IViewLocationExpanderProvider viewLocationExpanderProvider,
- IViewLocationCache viewLocationCache)
- : base(pageFactory,
- viewFactory,
- viewLocationExpanderProvider,
- viewLocationCache)
- {
- }
- public override IEnumerable<string> AreaViewLocationFormats
- {
- get
- {
- var value = new Random().Next(0, 1);
- var theme = value == 0 ? "Theme1" : "Theme2"; // 可通过其它条件,设置皮肤的种类
- return base.AreaViewLocationFormats.Select(f => f.Replace("/Views/", "/Views/" + theme + "/"));
- }
- }
- public override IEnumerable<string> ViewLocationFormats
- {
- get
- {
var value = new Random().Next(0, 1);
var theme = value == 0 ? "Theme1" : "Theme2"; // 可通过其它条件,设置皮肤的种类
return base.ViewLocationFormats.Select(f => f.Replace("/Views/", "/Views/" + theme + "/"));
- }
- }
- }
- 然后,通过修改MVcOptions的实例属性ViewEngines即可完成对视图引擎的替换,代码如下:
- services.AddMvc().Configure<MvcOptions>(options =>
- {
- options.ViewEngines.Clear();
- options.ViewEngines.Add(typeof(ThemeViewEngine));
- });
这样,系统在查找视图文件的时候,就会按照新注册的ThemeViewEngine的逻辑来执行。
通过IViewLocationExpander来控制View路径
在MVC6中,微软还提供了另外一种新的方式来控制View文件的路径,那就是IViewLocationExpander接口,通过实现该接口即可实现自定义逻辑,并且也可以使用相关的上下文对象。示例如下:
- public class ThemeViewLocationExpander : IViewLocationExpander
- {
- public void PopulateValues(ViewLocationExpanderContext context)
- {
- var value = new Random().Next(0, 1);
- var theme = value == 0 ? "Theme1" : "Theme2";
- context.Values["theme"] = theme;
- }
- public virtual IEnumerable<string> ExpandViewLocations(ViewLocationExpanderContext context,
- IEnumerable<string> viewLocations)
- {
- return viewLocations.Select(f => f.Replace("/Views/", "/Views/" + context.Values["theme"] + "/"));
- }
- }
在上述自定义的IViewLocationExpander中,实现了2个方法分别是PopulateValues和ExpandViewLocations,PopulateValues方法可以让我们想ViewLocationExpanderContext上下文中添加响应的键值对以便后续使用,通过,我们可以利用通过该上下文对象,来查找ActionContext和HttpContext对象,以便利用这些对象做响应的判断操作;而ExpandViewLocations方法,只会在没有View缓存或在View缓存里找不到对应key的View文件时才会调用该方法,在该方法内,我们可以动态返回视图的位置。
***,我们在Startup.cs里通过修改RazorViewEngineOptions实例对象的ViewLocationExpanders属性,来实现注册目的,代码如下:
- services.Configure<RazorViewEngineOptions>(options =>
- {
- options.ViewLocationExpanders.Add(typeof(ThemViewLocationExpander));
- });