在园子里看过很多文章,关于设计模式,关于架构等等,我在这里谈谈一些软件的功能,为什么需要这样的功能。
我前段时间写了一个TXT与EXCEL为什么要互相转换的功能,可能有人会问,这样的功能有什么作用?是的,这小功能在软件开发上有很大的作用的。txt文本是没有格式的,但是excel文档是有格式的,将没有格式的东西转换为有格式的东西,可以方便别人阅读,除此之外,很多软件的服务端传给客户端的东西是没有格式的东西,就是一个字符串,客户端接收到这个字符串,如何格式化,变成我们需要的东西,比如说excel文档。反之,有个excel文档,也要将它变成字符串才能顺利地发给服务端,或者发给调用者。当然,可能有人会说传字符串的方式非常落后,现在都有webservice这个标准化的东西,webservice是有格式的,而且很好传输与解析,但是如果你后台是用C语言写,或者是更低级语言编写的,并没有类似于webservice的东西,那就只能传输字符流了。其实webservice传输的也是wsdl的文本,它本身也是一堆字符而已,只不过是通过一些组件变成我们需要的东西,例如类。webservice只是一个通用的标准,也可以制定属于自己的标准。
EXECL转换TXT:
首先,需要读取EXCEL文档,读取excel文档可以通过ADO.NET的Connection。
- /// <summary>/// 获取excel
- /// </summary>///
- <param name="excelPath"></param>///
- <returns></returns>
- privateOleDbConnection getCon(stringexcelPath){
- try{stringstrConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;"+
- "Data Source="+ excelPath + ";"+ "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
- OleDbConnection conn = newOleDbConnection(strConn);conn.Open();returnconn;}
- catch(Exception ex){
- thrownewArgumentException("打开excel失败", ex.Message);}}
然后,需要读取excel文档的每一页,与读取excel的内容
- /// <summary>/// 获取excel页
- /// </summary>///
- <param name="excelPath"></param>
- /// <returns></returns>publicstring[]
- getSheets(stringexcelPath){OleDbConnection conn = getCon(excelPath);
- try{DataTable dtSheetName = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, newobject[] {
- null, null, null, "Table"});
- string[] strTableNames = newstring[dtSheetName.Rows.Count];
- inti = 0;for(intk = 0; k <dtSheetName.Rows.Count; k++){
- //把有下划线的excel页去掉
- if(!dtSheetName.Rows[k]["TABLE_NAME"].ToString().Contains("_")){strTableNames[i] = dtSheetName.Rows[k]["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();i++;}}
- returnstrTableNames;} catch(Exception ex){ throwex; }finally{ conn.Close(); }}
- /// <summary>/// 获取excel的数据
- /// </summary>///
- <param name="excelPath"></param>///
- <param name="sheetName"></param>///
- <returns></returns>publicDataTable GetExcelDB(stringexcelPath,stringsheetName){OleDbConnection conn = getCon(excelPath);
- try{DataTable dt = newDataTable();OleDbDataAdapter myada = null;
- stringstrExcel = "select * from ["+ sheetName + "]";myada = newOleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, conn);
- myada.Fill(dt);returndt;}catch(Exception ex){ throwex; }finally{ conn.Close(); }}
***,生成TXT文本,因为txt文本是没有格式的,因此我们需要制定一些标准,我设定每个单元格的长度都为30个字节,excel的每一行对应txt的一行。如果单元格的长度是不一样的,可以制定一个list。有了标准,这样在txt转excel是才能成功。这里需要注意一点,中文字符与英文字符的节长度是不一样的,中文占两个字节,而英文是占1个字节,因此在转换的时候需要多做一些工作。
- /// <summary>
- /// 生成txt
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="sender"></param>
- /// <param name="e"></param>
- privatevoidbtnGenerate_Click(objectsender, EventArgs e){
- if(txtExcelPath.Text.Trim() == ""){MessageBox.Show("请导入excel");
- return;}
- if(cboSheet.Text.Trim() == ""){MessageBox.Show("没有存在的excel页");
- return;}stringcolName = "";stringrowText = "";
- StringBuilder strbui = newStringBuilder();
- try{DataTable dt = GetExcelData.ExcelObj.GetExcelDB(txtExcelPath.Text.Trim(), cboSheet.Text.Trim());
- for(inti = 0; i <dt.Columns.Count; i++){stringtempName = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName.Trim();
- byte[] byte_len = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(tempName);
- if(byte_len.Length <30){intk = 30 - byte_len.Length;for(intt = k; t >0; t--){tempName += " ";}}
- else{byte[] CutStr_Bytes1 = newbyte[30];
- Array.Copy(byte_len, 0, CutStr_Bytes1, 0, 30);
- tempName = myEncoding.GetString(CutStr_Bytes1);}colName += tempName; }
- for(inti = 0; i <dt.Rows.Count; i++){
- for(intj = 0; j <dt.Columns.Count; j++){
- stringtempName = dt.Rows[i][j].ToString();byte[] byte_len = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(tempName);
- if(byte_len.Length <30){intk = 30 - byte_len.Length;for(intt = k; t >0; t--){tempName += " ";}}
- else{byte[] CutStr_Bytes1 = newbyte[30];
- Array.Copy(byte_len, 0, CutStr_Bytes1, 0, 30);
- tempName = myEncoding.GetString(CutStr_Bytes1);}
- strbui.Append(tempName);}strbui.Append(" ");}rowText = strbui.ToString(); }
- catch(Exception ex){MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);}
- try{SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = newSaveFileDialog();
- saveFileDialog.Filter = "文本文件|*.txt";
- if(saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){
- StreamWriter streamWriter = newStreamWriter(saveFileDialog.FileName, false, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
- streamWriter.Write(colName + " "+ rowText);streamWriter.Close();}}
- catch(Exception ex){MessageBox.Show("保存txt失败"+ ex.Message);
- }}
TXT转换EXECL:在txt转换excel的过程中,首先需要获取txt文本
- /// <summary>///
- /// </summary>StreamReader reader = null;
- /// <summary>///
- /// </summary>Encoding myEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
- /// <summary>
- /// 导入txt/// </summary>
- /// <param name="sender"></param>
- /// <param name="e"></param>privatevoidbtnImportTxt_Click(objectsender, EventArgs e){
- OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = newOpenFileDialog();
- openFileDialog.InitialDirectory = "D:\";
- openFileDialog.Filter = "TXT文件|*.txt";
- openFileDialog.RestoreDirectory = true;openFileDialog.FilterIndex = 1;
- if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){string fName = openFileDialog.FileName;
- textBox2.Text = fName;reader = new StreamReader(fName, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312")); }}
然后对文本进行处理,用 reader.ReadLine()一行行地往下读,每读一行处理一行,直到读完为止。处理的时候需要把字符串均等平分,每30个字节写一个单元格。
- /// <summary>
- /// 把字符串均等平分/// </summary>
- /// <param name="SourceString"></param>
- /// <returns></returns>privatestring[] spitText(stringSourceString){intlength = 30;
- intlen = 0;byte[] SourceStr_Bytes = myEncoding.GetBytes(SourceString);
- byte[] CutStr_Bytes1 = newbyte[length];
- if(SourceStr_Bytes.Length % length != 0)len = SourceStr_Bytes.Length / length + 1;
- elselen = SourceStr_Bytes.Length / length;string[] array = newstring[len];inti, j = 0;
- for(i = 0; (i + length) <= SourceStr_Bytes.Length &&SourceStr_Bytes.Length >= i; ){
- Array.Copy(SourceStr_Bytes, i, CutStr_Bytes1, 0, length);array[j] = myEncoding.GetString(CutStr_Bytes1);j++;ii = i + length;}
- if(SourceStr_Bytes.Length % length != 0){
- Array.Copy(SourceStr_Bytes, SourceStr_Bytes.Length - i, CutStr_Bytes1, 0, length);array[j] = myEncoding.GetString(CutStr_Bytes1);}returnarray;}
- /// <summary>
- /// 生成txt
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="sender"></param>
- /// <param name="e"></param>
- privatevoidbtnGenTxt_Click(objectsender, EventArgs e){SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = newSaveFileDialog();saveFileDialog.Filter = "文本文件|*.xls";
- if(saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK){StreamWriter sw = newStreamWriter(saveFileDialog.FileName, true, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));stringstr = "";
- if(reader == null){MessageBox.Show("请导入txt");return;}try{
- //写标题stringheadText = reader.ReadLine();
- string[] array = spitText(headText);
- for(inti = 0; i <array.Length; i++){array[i] += " ";str += array[i];}sw.WriteLine(str);
- //写内容stringtext;while((text = reader.ReadLine()) != null){stringtempStr = "";
- string[] arrayText = spitText(text);
- for(intf = 0; f <arrayText.Length; f++){tempStr += arrayText[f] + " ";}sw.WriteLine(tempStr);}sw.Close();}
- catch(Exception ex){MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);}finally{sw.Close();}}}
好了,到这里,TXT月EXCEL的互相转换功能就做好了,源码没找到地方上传,改天找个好的网盘上传。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/suyangbin/archive/2011/11/29/2266938.html
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