NAME [命令名]
suffixes - 列出文件后缀。
DESCRIPTION [描述]
文件后缀与文件名之间以点(.)间隔,通常包括一个或多个字母。 我们用文件后缀来描述文件的内容。很多标准的实用程序,如编译器,以后缀来识别文件类型。 make(1) 就是基于文件后缀的。
下面是 Linux 下常见的文件后缀:
后缀 |
文件类型 |
- |
备份文件。 |
.C |
C++ 源代码文件。 |
.F |
带 cpp(1) 的 Fortran 源代码或用 freeze 压缩的文件。 |
.S |
汇编源代码。 |
.Y |
用 yabba 压缩的文件。 |
.Z |
用 compress (1) 压缩的文件。 |
.[0-9]+gf |
TeX 普通字体文件 |
.[0-9]+pk |
TeX 打包字体文件 |
.[1-9] |
相关章节的手册页 |
.[1-9][a-z] |
包含子章节的手册页 |
.a |
静态对象代码库 |
.ad |
X 应用程序缺省资源文件。 |
.adb |
Ada 体源文件(校注:懂 Ada 的同志请指正) |
.ads |
Ada 描述源文件 |
.afm |
PostScript 字体度量 |
.al |
Perl 自动加载文件 |
.am |
automake (1) 输入文件 |
.arc |
arc (1) 档案文件 |
.arj |
arj (1) 档案文件 |
.asc |
PGP ASCII-保护数据 |
.asm |
(GNU) 汇编源代码 |
.au |
Audio 声音文件 |
.aux |
LaTeX 辅助文件 |
.avi |
(msvideo) 电影 |
.awk |
AWK 程序 |
.b |
LILO 启动加载器镜象 |
.bak |
备份文件 |
.bash |
bash (1) 脚本 |
.bb |
gcc -ftest-coverage 生成的基础块列表数据 |
.bbg |
gcc -ftest-coverage 生成的基础块图形数据 |
.bbl |
BibTeX 输出文件 |
.bdf |
X 字体文件 |
.bib |
TeX 数目数据库,BibTeX 输入文件 |
.bm |
bitmap 源文件 |
.bmp |
bitmap 位图 |
.bz2 |
bzip2 (1)的压缩文件 |
.c |
C 源代码 |
.cat |
信息目录文件 |
.cc |
C++ 源代码 |
.cf |
配置文件 |
.cfg |
同上 |
.cgi |
可以产生 web 页的脚本或程序 |
.class |
Java 已编译文件 |
.conf |
配置文件 |
.config |
同上 |
.cpp |
(等价于 .cc) |
.csh |
csh (1) 脚本 |
.cxx |
(等价于 .cc) |
.dat |
数据文件 |
.deb |
Debian 软件包 |
.def |
Modula-2 语言的定义模块的源代码 |
.def |
其它定义文件 |
.desc |
用 munpack 解压的邮件信息的初始化部分 |
.diff |
文件不同之处 (diff(1) 的输出文件) |
.dir |
dbm 数据库目录文件 |
.doc |
文档文件 |
.dtx |
LaTeX 包的源文件 |
.dvi |
TeX's 设备无关的输出文件 |
.el |
Emacs-Lisp 源代码 |
.elc |
编译后的 Emacs-Lisp 文件 |
.eps |
压缩过的 PostScript |
.f |
Fortran 源代码 |
.f77 |
Fortran 77 源代码 |
.f90 |
Fortran 90 源代码 |
.fas |
预编译的 Common-Lisp |
.fi |
Fortran 包含文件 |
.fig |
FIG 图象文件 ( xfig (1)调用) |
.fmt |
TeX 格式文件 |
.gif |
Compuserve Graphics Image File format(图象文件) |
.gmo |
GNU 格式信息目录 |
.gsf |
Ghostscript 字体 |
.gz |
用 gzip (1) 压缩的文件 |
.h |
C 或 C++ 头文件 |
.help |
帮助文件 |
.hf |
等价于 .help |
.hlp |
等价于 .help |
.htm |
穷人的(有些系统扩展名只能三个字符) .html |
.html |
WWW 中使用的 HTML 文档 |
.hqx |
7-位编码的 Macintosh 文件 |
.i |
预处理过的 C 程序 |
.icon |
位图源文件 |
.idx |
超文本或数据库系统用的参考书目或数据索引 |
.image |
位图源文件 |
.in |
配置摸板,常用于 GNU Autoconf |
.info |
Emacs info 浏览器文件 |
.info-[0-9]+ |
info 文件 |
.ins |
LaTeX 打包的用于 docstrip 的安装文件 |
.java |
Java 源代码 |
.jpeg |
Joint Photographic Experts Group format |
.jpg |
有些系统扩展名只能三个字符 .jpeg |
.kmap |
lyx (1) 键盘布局 |
.l |
等价于 .lex 或 .lisp |
.lex |
lex (1) 或 flex (1) 文件 |
.lha |
lharc 档案文件 |
.lib |
Common-Lisp 库文件 |
.lisp |
Lisp 源代码 |
.ln |
files for use with lint (1) |
.log |
日志文件, 多见于 TeX |
.lsm |
Linux Software Map entry(软件列表?) |
.lsp |
Common-Lisp 源代码 |
.lzh |
lharc 档案文件 |
.m4 |
m4 (1) 源代码 |
.mac |
宏命令文件 |
.man |
手册页 (通常是源文件,有些是格式化过的) |
.map |
map 文件 |
.me |
使用 me 宏命令包的 Nroff 源文件 |
.mf |
Metafont (Tex 使用的字体) 资源 |
.mm |
groff (1) 的 mm 格式的文件 |
.mo |
信息目录二进制文件(校注:本地化文件) |
.mod |
Modula-2 执行模块源代码 |
.mov |
(quicktime) 电影 |
.mp |
Metapost 资源 |
.mpe |
电影 |
.o |
对象文件 |
.old |
旧的或备份文件 |
.orig |
patch (1) 产生的备份或原始文件 |
.out |
输出文件, 一般是可执行程序(a.out) |
.p |
Pascal 源代码 |
.pag |
dbm 数据库数据文件 |
.patch |
patch (1) 用的文件的差别文件 |
.pbm |
portable bitmap format(可移植位图格式) |
.pcf |
X11 字体 |
AdobePortableDataFormat(用Acrobat/acroread或xpdf查看 ) |
|
.perl |
Perl 源代码 |
.pfa |
PostScript 字体定义文件, ASCII 格式 |
.pfb |
PostScript 字体定义文件, 二进制格式 |
.pgm |
portable greymap format(可移植灰度图格式) |
.pgp |
PGP 二进制数据 |
.ph |
Perl 头文件 |
.pid |
存储后台程序信息的文件(e.g. crond.pid) |
.pl |
TeX 属性列表 或 Perl 库文件 |
.pm |
Perl 模块 |
.png |
Portable Network Graphics file(可移植网络图象文件) |
.po |
信息目录资源(校注:本地化资源文件) |
.pod |
perldoc (1) 文件 |
.ppm |
portable pixmap format(可移植点图格式) |
.pr |
bitmap source(位图资源) |
.ps |
PostScript 文件 |
.py |
Python 源代码 |
.pyc |
python 编译后文件 |
.qt |
quicktime movie(电影) |
.r |
RATFOR 资源 (已过时) |
.rej |
patch (1) 不能用的补丁 |
.rpm |
RedHat 软件包 |
.rtf |
Rich Text Format file(富文本文件) |
.rules |
rules for something(规则文件) |
.s |
assembler source(汇编源代码) |
.sa |
a.out 共享库的存根库 |
.sc |
sc (1) 电子表格命令 |
.sgml |
SGML 源文件 |
.sh |
sh (1) 脚本 |
.shar |
shar (1) 产生的档案文件 |
.so |
共享库或动态可载入对象 |
.sql |
SQL 资源 |
.sqml |
SQML 结构或查询程序 |
.sty |
LaTeX 类型文件 |
.sym |
Modula-2 已编译的定义模块 |
.tar |
tar (1) 产生的档案文件 |
.tar.Z |
compress (1) 压缩的tar档案文件 |
.tar.bz2 |
bzip2 (1) 压缩的tar档案文件 |
.tar.gz |
gzip (1) 压缩的tar档案文件 |
.taz |
compress (1) 压缩的tar档案文件 |
.tex |
TeX 或 LaTeX 资源 |
.texi |
等价于 .texinfo |
.texinfo |
Texinfo 文档资源 |
.text |
文本文件 |
.tfm |
TeX font metric file |
.tgz |
gzip (1) 压缩的tar档案文件 |
.tif |
poor man's .tiff(图象) |
.tiff |
Tagged Image File Format(图象) |
.tk |
tcl/tk 脚本 |
.tmp |
临时文件 |
.tmpl |
临时文件 |
.txt |
等价于 .text |
.uu |
等价于 .uue |
.uue |
uuencode (1) 编码的二进制文件 |
.vf |
TeX 虚拟字体文件 |
.vpl |
TeX 虚拟属性列表 |
.w |
Silvio Levi's CWEB |
.wav |
波形声音文件 |
.web |
Donald Knuth's WEB(唐纳得.可鲁梭的 WEB) ?? |
.xbm |
X11 位图源文件 |
.xml |
eXtended Markup Language file(扩展标记语言文件) |
.xsl |
XSL stylesheet |
.xpm |
X11 点图源文件 |
.xs |
h2xs 生成的 Perl 的 xsub 文件 |
.y |
yacc (1) 或 bison (1)(分析器生成器)文件 |
.z |
pack (1) (或旧版 gzip (1)) 产生的压缩文件 |
.zip |
zip (1) 档案文件 |
.zoo |
zoo (1) 档案文件 |
~ |
Emacs 或 patch (1) 备份文件 |
rc |
开始 (`运行控制') 文件, 如. .newsrc |
CONFORMS TO [遵循]
一般 UNIX 约定
BUGS
本列表尚有遗漏
SEE ALSO [另见]
file(1), make(1)
#p#
NAME
suffixes - list of file suffixes
DESCRIPTION
It is customary to indicate the contents of a file with the file suffix, which consists of a period, followed by one or more letters. Many standard utilities, such as compilers, use this to recognize the type of file they are dealing with. The make(1) utility is driven by rules based on file suffix.
Following is a list of suffixes which are likely to be found on a Linux system.
Suffix | File type |
- |
backup file |
.C |
C++ source code, equivalent to .cc |
.F |
Fortran source with cpp(1) directives |
or file compressed using freeze |
|
.S |
assembler source with cpp(1) directives |
.Y |
file compressed using yabba |
.Z |
file compressed using compress(1) |
.[0-9]+gf |
TeX generic font files |
.[0-9]+pk |
TeX packed font files |
.[1-9] |
manual page for the corresponding section |
.[1-9][a-z] |
manual page for section plus subsection |
.a |
static object code library |
.ad |
X application default resource file |
.ada |
Ada source (may be body, spec, or combination) |
.adb |
Ada body source |
.ads |
Ada spec source |
.afm |
PostScript font metrics |
.al |
Perl autoload file |
.am |
automake(1) input file |
.arc |
arc(1) archive |
.arj |
arj(1) archive |
.asc |
PGP ASCII-armoured data |
.asm |
(GNU) assember source file |
.au |
Audio sound file |
.aux |
LaTeX auxiliary file |
.avi |
(msvideo) movie |
.awk |
AWK language program |
.b |
LILO boot loader image |
.bak |
backup file |
.bash |
bash(1) shell script |
.bb |
basic block list data produced by |
gcc -ftest-coverage |
|
.bbg |
basic block graph data produced by |
gcc -ftest-coverage |
|
.bbl |
BibTeX output |
.bdf |
X font file |
.bib |
TeX bibliographic database, BibTeX input |
.bm |
bitmap source |
.bmp |
bitmap |
.bz2 |
file compressed using bzip2(1) |
.c |
C source |
.cat |
message catalog files |
.cc |
C++ source |
.cf |
configuration file |
.cfg |
configuration file |
.cgi |
WWW content generating script or program |
.cls |
LaTeX Class definition |
.class |
Java compiled byte-code |
.conf |
configuration file |
.config |
configuration file |
.cpp |
equivalent to .cc |
.csh |
csh(1) shell script |
.cxx |
equivalent to .cc |
.dat |
data file |
.deb |
Debian software package |
.def |
Modula-2 source for definition modules |
.def |
other definition files |
.desc |
initial part of mail message unpacked with |
munpack(1) |
|
.diff |
file differences (diff(1) command output) |
.dir |
dbm data base directory file |
.doc |
documentation file |
.dsc |
Debian Source Control (source package) |
.dtx |
LaTeX package source file |
.dvi |
TeX's device independent output |
.el |
Emacs-Lisp source |
.elc |
compiled Emacs-Lisp source |
.eps |
encapsulated PostScript |
.exp |
Expect source code |
.f |
Fortran source |
.f77 |
Fortran 77 source |
.f90 |
Fortran 90 source |
.fas |
pre-compiled Common-Lisp |
.fi |
Fortran include files |
.fig |
FIG image file (used by xfig(1)) |
.fmt |
TeX format file |
.gif |
Compuserve Graphics Image File format |
.gmo |
GNU format message catalog |
.gsf |
Ghostscript fonts |
.gz |
file compressed using gzip(1) |
.h |
C or C++ header files |
.help |
help file |
.hf |
equivalent to .help |
.hlp |
equivalent to .help |
.htm |
poor man's .html |
.html |
HTML document used with the World Wide Web |
.hqx |
7-bit encoded Macintosh file |
.i |
C source after preprocessing |
.icon |
bitmap source |
.idx |
reference or datum-index file for hypertext |
or database system |
|
.image |
bitmap source |
.in |
configuration template, especially for GNU Autoconf |
.info |
files for the Emacs info browser |
.info-[0-9]+ |
splitted info files |
.ins |
LaTeX package install file for docstrip |
.itcl |
itcl source code; |
itcl ([incr Tcl]) is an OO extension of tcl |
|
.java |
a Java source file |
.jpeg |
Joint Photographic Experts Group format |
.jpg |
poor man's .jpeg |
.kmap |
lyx(1) keymap |
.l |
equivalent to .lex or .lisp |
.lex |
lex(1) or flex(1) files |
.lha |
lharc archive |
.lib |
Common-Lisp library |
.lisp |
Lisp source |
.ln |
files for use with lint(1) |
.log |
log file, in particular produced by TeX |
.lsm |
Linux Software Map entry |
.lsp |
Common-Lisp source |
.lzh |
lharc archive |
.m |
Objective-C source code |
.m4 |
m4(1) source |
.mac |
macro files for various programs |
.man |
manual page (usually source rather than formatted) |
.map |
map files for various programs |
.me |
Nroff source using the me macro package |
.mf |
Metafont (font generator for TeX) source |
.mgp |
MagicPoint file |
.mm |
sources for groff(1) in mm - format |
.mo |
Message catalog binary file |
.mod |
Modula-2 source for implementation modules |
.mov |
(quicktime) movie |
.mp |
Metapost source |
.mp2 |
MPEG Layer 2 (audio) file |
.mp3 |
MPEG Layer 3 (audio) file |
.mpeg |
movie file |
.o |
object file |
.old |
old or backup file |
.orig |
backup (original) version of a file, from patch(1) |
.out |
output file, often executable program (a.out) |
.p |
Pascal source |
.pag |
dbm data base data file |
.patch |
file differences for patch(1) |
.pbm |
portable bitmap format |
.pcf |
X11 font files |
Adobe Portable Data Format |
|
(use Acrobat/acroread or xpdf) |
|
.perl |
Perl source (see .ph, .pl and .pm) |
.pfa |
PostScript font definition files, ASCII format |
.pfb |
PostScript font definition files, binary format |
.pgm |
portable greymap format |
.pgp |
PGP binary data |
.ph |
Perl header file |
.php |
PHP program file |
.php3 |
PHP3 program file |
.pid |
File to store daemon pid (e.g. crond.pid) |
.pl |
TeX property list file or Perl library file |
.pm |
Perl module |
.png |
Portable Network Graphics file |
.po |
Message catalog source |
.pod |
perldoc(1) file |
.ppm |
portable pixmap format |
.pr |
bitmap source |
.ps |
PostScript file |
.py |
Python source |
.pyc |
compiled python |
.qt |
quicktime movie |
.r |
RATFOR source (obsolete) |
.rej |
patches that patch(1) couldn't apply |
.rpm |
RedHat software package |
.rtf |
Rich Text Format file |
.rules |
rules for something |
.s |
assembler source |
.sa |
stub libraries for a.out shared libraries |
.sc |
sc(1) spreadsheed commands |
.scm |
Scheme source code |
.sed |
sed source file |
.sgml |
SGML source file |
.sh |
sh(1) scripts |
.shar |
archive created by the shar(1) utility |
.so |
Shared library or dynamically loadable object |
.sql |
SQL source |
.sqml |
SQML schema or query program |
.sty |
LaTeX style files |
.sym |
Modula-2 compiled definition modules |
.tar |
archive created by the tar(1) utility |
.tar.Z |
tar(1) archive compressed with compress(1) |
.tar.bz2 |
tar(1) archive compressed with bzip2(1) |
.tar.gz |
tar(1) archive compressed with gzip(1) |
.taz |
tar(1) archive compressed with compress(1) |
.tcl |
tcl source code |
.tex |
TeX or LaTeX source |
.texi |
equivalent to .texinfo |
.texinfo |
Texinfo documentation source |
.text |
text file |
.tfm |
TeX font metric file |
.tgz |
tar archive compressed with gzip(1) |
.tif |
poor man's .tiff |
.tiff |
Tagged Image File Format |
.tk |
tcl/tk script |
.tmp |
temporary file |
.tmpl |
template files |
.txt |
equivalent to .text |
.uu |
equivalent to .uue |
.uue |
binary file encoded with uuencode(1) |
.vf |
TeX virtual font file |
.vpl |
TeX virtual property list file |
.w |
Silvio Levi's CWEB |
.wav |
wave sound file |
.web |
Donald Knuth's WEB |
.wml |
Source file for Web Meta Language |
.xbm |
X11 bitmap source |
.xcf |
GIMP graphic |
.xml |
eXtended Markup Language file |
.xsl |
XSL stylesheet |
.xpm |
X11 pixmap source |
.xs |
Perl xsub file produced by h2xs |
.y |
yacc(1) or bison(1) (parser generator) files |
.z |
File compressed using pack(1) (or an old gzip(1)) |
.zip |
zip(1) archive |
.zoo |
zoo(1) archive |
~ |
Emacs or patch(1) backup file |
rc |
startup (`run control') file, e.g. .newsrc |
CONFORMS TO
General UNIX conventions.
BUGS
This list is not exhaustive.
SEE ALSO
file(1), make(1)