NAME
mailaddr - 关于邮件地址的描述
DESCRIPTION 描述
本手册给出的是 Internet 使用的 SMTP 邮件地址的简要描述。这些地址的通常的格式是
user@domain
这里的域 (domain) 是分级的子域的列表，子域间用点来分隔。例如下面的地址
eric@monet.berkeley.edu
Eric Allman
eric@monet.berkeley.edu (Eric Allman)
都是同一个地址的有效的格式。
地址中的域部分 (``monet.berkeley.edu'') 可以是一个 internet 上的主机的名字，或者是一个逻辑上的邮件地址。域的部分大小写不敏感。
地址中的本地部分 (``eric'') 通常是一个用户名，但它的实际意义是由本地软件定义的。这部分可以大小写敏感，但通常大小写不敏感。如果你发现某个地址的本地部分象一堆乱码，原因通常是在不同的内部的电子邮件 (e-mail) 系统和网络间存在着网关。下面是一些例子:
"surname/admd=telemail/c=us/o=hp/prmd=hp"@some.where USER%SOMETHING@some.where machine!machine!name@some.where I2461572@some.where
(它们分别是：一个 X.400 网关，一个到任意的没有适当的 internet 支持的内部邮件系统的网关 ，一个 UUCP 网关，***一个是令人讨厌的用户命名策略)
真实姓名部分 (``Eric Allman'') 可放在最前面，在 < > 的外面；也可以在***面在 ( ) 的里面。(严格的说两者是不一样的，但是论述两者的不同超出了本手册页的范围。)如果名字包含某些特定的字符，可以用" "括起来。特定的字符中最常见的是``.'':
"Eric P. Allman"
Abbreviation. 缩略写法.
许多邮件系统允许用户略写域名。举个实例，在 berkeley.edu 的用户可以用 ``eric@monet''来给 Eric Allman 发邮件并侥幸成功。这种做法是废弃了的。
路由地址
在某些环境下，可能必须给出一个消息到达最终目的地所要经过的主机的路径。正常的情况下这是自动的和不可见的，但有时不是，特别是在一些老的和破损的软件上出现。显示这些中继的地址在术语上叫``路由地址''。路由地址使用下面的语法：
<@hosta,@hostb:user@hostc>
这指定消息要被送到 hosta，从 hosta 到 hostb，***到达 hostc。一些主机忽略路由地址并直接发送的 hostc。
路由地址经常发生在返回地址上，因为通常路过的每个主机上的软件都要增补路由地址。最常见的可能是忽略地址中除了``user@hostc''的部分，``user@hostc'' 部分确定了真正的发送者。
邮件主管.
要求每一个站点都要有一个用户或用户别名被指定为"邮件主管"，对于邮件系统的问题可以向此"邮件主管"发表。"邮件主管"的地址是大小写不敏感的。
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 常见问题
rtfm.mit.edu 和许多镜像站点存储了一系列常见问题。请找到并使用这些文档，这些文档遍布世界。 mail/inter-network-guide 解说如何在不同的网络间发送邮件。 mail/country-codes ***域的列表(例如 ``no'' 是 Norway ，``ea'' 是 Eritrea). mail/college-email/part* 给出一些关于怎样找出邮件地址的位置的小技巧。
FILES 相关文件
/etc/aliases
~/.forward
SEE ALSO 参见
binmail(1), mail(1), mconnect(1), forward(5), aliases(5), sendmail(8), vrfy(8), RFC822 (Arpa Internet 文本消息格式的标准).
#p#
NAME
mailaddr - mail addressing description
DESCRIPTION
This manual page gives a brief introduction to SMTP mail addresses, as used on the Internet. These addresses are in the general format
user@domain
where a domain is a hierarchical dot separated list of subdomains. For example, the addresses
eric@monet.berkeley.edu
Eric Allman <eric@monet.berkeley.edu>
eric@monet.berkeley.edu (Eric Allman)
are valid forms of the same address.
The domain part (``monet.berkeley.edu'') may be the name of an internet host, or it may be a logical mail address. The domain part is not case sensitive.
The local part (``eric'') is often a user name, but its meaning is defined by the local software. It can be case sensitive, but usually isn't. If you see a local-part that looks like garbage, it is usually because of a gateway between an internal e-mail system and the net, here are some examples:
"surname/admd=telemail/c=us/o=hp/prmd=hp"@some.where
USER%SOMETHING@some.where
machine!machine!name@some.where
I2461572@some.where
(These are, respectively, an X.400 gateway, a gateway to an arbitrary inernal mail system that lacks proper internet support, an UUCP gateway, and the last one is just boring username policy.)
The real-name part (``Eric Allman'') can either be placed first, outside <>, or last, inside (). (Strictly speaking the two aren't the same, but the difference is outside the scope of this page.) The name may have to be quoted using "" if it contains certain characters, most commonly ``.'':
"Eric P. Allman" <eric@monet.berkeley.edu>
Abbreviation.
Many mail systems let users abbreviate the domain name. For instance, users at berkeley.edu may get away with ``eric@monet'' to send mail to Eric Allman. This behavior is deprecated.
Route-addrs.
Under some circumstances it may be necessary to route a message through several hosts to get it to the final destination. Normally this happens automatically and invisibly, but sometimes not, particularly with old and broken software. Addresses which show these relays are termed ``route-addrs.'' These use the syntax:
<@hosta,@hostb:user@hostc>
This specifies that the message should be sent to hosta, from there to hostb, and finally to hostc. Some hosts disregard route-addrs and send directly to hostc.
Route-addrs occur frequently on return addresses, since these are generally augmented by the software at each host. It is generally possible to ignore all but the ``user@hostc'' part of the address to determine the actual sender.
Postmaster.
Every site is required to have a user or user alias designated ``postmaster'' to which problems with the mail system may be addressed. The ``postmaster'' address is not case sensitive.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
rtfm.mit.edu and many mirrors store a collection of FAQs. Please find and use a nearby FAQ archive; there are dozens or hundreds around the world. mail/inter-network-guide explains how to send mail between many different networks. mail/country-codes lists the top level domains (e.g. ``no'' is Norway and ``ea'' is Eritrea). mail/college-email/part* gives some useful tips on how to locate e-mail addresses.
FILES
/etc/aliases
~/.forward
SEE ALSO
binmail(1), mail(1), mconnect(1), forward(5), aliases(5), sendmail(8), vrfy(8), RFC822 (Standard for the Format of Arpa Internet Text Messages).
