iPhone绘图关于QuartZ中绘制案例是本文要介绍的内容,主要来讲解如何来绘制Curves的内容,本文主要是以代码来实现的内容,那么来看详细代码讲解。
1.用Ellipses和Arcs绘制曲线
代码如下:
- // Drawing with a white stroke color
- CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
- // And draw with a blue fill color
- CGContextSetRGBFillColor(context, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0);
- // Draw them with a 2.0 stroke width so they are a bit more visible.
- CGContextSetLineWidth(context, 2.0);
- // Add an ellipse circumscribed in the given rect to the current path, then stroke it
- CGContextAddEllipseInRect(context, CGRectMake(30.0, 30.0, 60.0, 60.0));
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Stroke ellipse convenience that is equivalent to AddEllipseInRect(); StrokePath();
- CGContextStrokeEllipseInRect(context, CGRectMake(30.0, 120.0, 60.0, 60.0));
- // Fill rect convenience equivalent to AddEllipseInRect(); FillPath();
- CGContextFillEllipseInRect(context, CGRectMake(30.0, 210.0, 60.0, 60.0));
- // Stroke 2 seperate arcs
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 60.0, 30.0, 0.0, M_PI/2.0, false);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 60.0, 30.0, 3.0*M_PI/2.0, M_PI, true);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Stroke 2 arcs together going opposite directions.
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 150.0, 30.0, 0.0, M_PI/2.0, false);
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 150.0, 30.0, 3.0*M_PI/2.0, M_PI, true);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Stroke 2 arcs together going the same direction..
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 240.0, 30.0, 0.0, M_PI/2.0, false);
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 240.0, 30.0, M_PI, 3.0*M_PI/2.0, false);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Stroke an arc using AddArcToPoint
- CGPoint p[3] =
- {
- CGPointMake(210.0, 30.0),
- CGPointMake(210.0, 60.0),
- CGPointMake(240.0, 60.0),
- };
- CGContextMoveToPoint(context, p[0].x, p[0].y);
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, p[1].x, p[1].y, p[2].x, p[2].y, 30.0);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Show the two segments that are used to determine the tangent lines to draw the arc.
- CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
- CGContextAddLines(context, p, sizeof(p)/sizeof(p[0]));
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // As a bonus, we'll combine arcs to create a round rectangle!
- // Drawing with a white stroke color
- CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
- // If you were making this as a routine, you would probably accept a rectangle
- // that defines its bounds, and a radius reflecting the "rounded-ness" of the rectangle.
- CGRect rrect = CGRectMake(210.0, 90.0, 60.0, 60.0);
- CGFloat radius = 10.0;
- // NOTE: At this point you may want to verify that your radius is no more than half
- // the width and height of your rectangle, as this technique degenerates for those cases.
- // In order to draw a rounded rectangle, we will take advantage of the fact that
- // CGContextAddArcToPoint will draw straight lines past the start and end of the arc
- // in order to create the path from the current position and the destination position.
- // In order to create the 4 arcs correctly, we need to know the min, mid and max positions
- // on the x and y lengths of the given rectangle.
- CGFloat minx = CGRectGetMinX(rrect), midx = CGRectGetMidX(rrect), maxx = CGRectGetMaxX(rrect);
- CGFloat miny = CGRectGetMinY(rrect), midy = CGRectGetMidY(rrect), maxy = CGRectGetMaxY(rrect);
- // Next, we will go around the rectangle in the order given by the figure below.
- // minx midx maxx
- // miny 2 3 4
- // midy 1 9 5
- // maxy 8 7 6
- // Which gives us a coincident start and end point, which is incidental to this technique, but still doesn't
- // form a closed path, so we still need to close the path to connect the ends correctly.
- // Thus we start by moving to point 1, then adding arcs through each pair of points that follows.
- // You could use a similar tecgnique to create any shape with rounded corners.
- // Start at 1
- CGContextMoveToPoint(context, minx, midy);
- // Add an arc through 2 to 3
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, minx, miny, midx, miny, radius);
- // Add an arc through 4 to 5
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, maxx, miny, maxx, midy, radius);
- // Add an arc through 6 to 7
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, maxx, maxy, midx, maxy, radius);
- // Add an arc through 8 to 9
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, minx, maxy, minx, midy, radius);
- // Close the path
- CGContextClosePath(context);
- // Fill & stroke the path
- CGContextDrawPath(context, kCGPathFillStroke);
绘制出的结果如下图:
代码
- CGContextAddEllipseInRect(context, CGRectMake(30.0, 30.0, 60.0, 60.0));
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
就是在指定的矩形区域内添加一个椭圆,使椭圆和矩形的边相切,如上图第一列第一个圆。
此代码
- CGContextStrokeEllipseInRect(context, CGRectMake(30.0, 120.0, 60.0, 60.0));
等价于上面的两行代码。如上图第一列第二个。
- CGContextFillEllipseInRect(context, CGRectMake(30.0, 210.0, 60.0, 60.0));
等价于AddEllipseInRect(); FillPath();如上图第一列第三个。
第二列第一个为绘制的两个单独的圆弧,代码如下:
- // Stroke 2 seperate arcs
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 60.0, 30.0, 0.0, M_PI/2.0, false);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 60.0, 30.0, 3.0*M_PI/2.0, M_PI, true);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
其中(150.0,60.0)为圆弧的圆心。30.0为半径,接下来两个参数分别为开始的弧度和结束的弧度,最后一个参数如果为false(0),就是逆时针方向绘制,如果为true(1),就是顺时针方向绘制圆弧。
第二列第二个会绘制两个方向相反的圆弧,第三个为绘制两个方向相同的圆弧。
- // Stroke 2 arcs together going opposite directions.
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 150.0, 30.0, 0.0, M_PI/2.0, false);
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 150.0, 30.0, 3.0*M_PI/2.0, M_PI, true);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Stroke 2 arcs together going the same direction..
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 240.0, 30.0, 0.0, M_PI/2.0, false);
- CGContextAddArc(context, 150.0, 240.0, 30.0, M_PI, 3.0*M_PI/2.0, false);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
(其中角度0.0为圆心的正下方,逆时针旋转,角度逐渐变大)
第三列第一个为下列代码:
- // Stroke an arc using AddArcToPoint
- CGPoint p[3] =
- {
- CGPointMake(210.0, 30.0),
- CGPointMake(210.0, 60.0),
- CGPointMake(240.0, 60.0),
- };
- CGContextMoveToPoint(context, p[0].x, p[0].y);
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, p[1].x, p[1].y, p[2].x, p[2].y, 30.0);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Show the two segments that are used to determine the tangent lines to draw the arc.
- CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
- CGContextAddLines(context, p, sizeof(p)/sizeof(p[0]));
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
函数CGContextAddArcToPoint为从current point 到p[1]画切线,接着从p[1]到p[2]画切线,30为圆弧的半径。
第三列第二个为绘制的一个圆角矩形
代码如下:
- CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
- CGRect rrect = CGRectMake(210.0, 90.0, 60.0, 60.0);
- CGFloat radius = 10.0;
- CGFloat minx = CGRectGetMinX(rrect), midx = CGRectGetMidX(rrect), maxx = CGRectGetMaxX(rrect);
- CGFloat miny = CGRectGetMinY(rrect), midy = CGRectGetMidY(rrect), maxy = CGRectGetMaxY(rrect);
- // 下面代码的绘制路线如下所示了:
- // minx midx maxx
- // miny 2 3 4
- // midy 1 9 5
- // maxy 8 7 6
- // 本例中开始点和结束点一样只是一个巧合,所以,我们在最后最好要加上CGContextClosePath
- // Start at 1
- CGContextMoveToPoint(context, minx, midy);
- // Add an arc through 2 to 3
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, minx, miny, midx, miny, radius);
- // Add an arc through 4 to 5
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, maxx, miny, maxx, midy, radius);
- // Add an arc through 6 to 7
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, maxx, maxy, midx, maxy, radius);
- // Add an arc through 8 to 9
- CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, minx, maxy, minx, midy, radius);
- // Close the path
- CGContextClosePath(context);
- // Fill & stroke the path
- CGContextDrawPath(context, kCGPathFillStroke);
2.绘制Beziers &Quadratics曲线
绘制代码如下:
- // Drawing with a white stroke color
- CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
- // Draw them with a 2.0 stroke width so they are a bit more visible.
- CGContextSetLineWidth(context, 2.0);
- // Draw a bezier curve with end points s,e and control points cp1,cp2
- CGPoint s = CGPointMake(30.0, 120.0);
- CGPoint e = CGPointMake(300.0, 120.0);
- CGPoint cp1 = CGPointMake(120.0, 30.0);
- CGPoint cp2 = CGPointMake(210.0, 210.0);
- CGContextMoveToPoint(context, s.x, s.y);
- CGContextAddCurveToPoint(context, cp1.x, cp1.y, cp2.x, cp2.y, e.x, e.y);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Show the control points.
- CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
- CGContextMoveToPoint(context, s.x, s.y);
- CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, cp1.x, cp1.y);
- CGContextMoveToPoint(context, e.x, e.y);
- CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, cp2.x, cp2.y);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Draw a quad curve with end points s,e and control point cp1
- CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
- s = CGPointMake(30.0, 300.0);
- e = CGPointMake(270.0, 300.0);
- cp1 = CGPointMake(150.0, 180.0);
- CGContextMoveToPoint(context, s.x, s.y);
- CGContextAddQuadCurveToPoint(context, cp1.x, cp1.y, e.x, e.y);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
- // Show the control point.
- CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
- CGContextMoveToPoint(context, s.x, s.y);
- CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, cp1.x, cp1.y);
- CGContextStrokePath(context);
如图:
上半部分为绘制的bezier曲线,有两个控制点。
下半部分为绘制的quad曲线,有一个控制点。
小结:iPhone绘图关于QuartZ中绘制Curves案例的内容介绍完了,希望本文对你有帮助!希望本文对你有所帮助!如果想深入了解iphone绘图的更多内容,请参考: