我们知道，数据库字典包括表结构、索引和主键、外键、约束、视图、函数、存储过程、触发器和规则。本文我们总结了三个SQL视图来查询数据字典的SQL语句示例，利用它可以直接了当地查出SQL2K及SQL2005的所有数据字典，方便文档的编写，希望对大家有帮助。
1. SQL Server数据库字典--表结构.sql
- SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT --a.id,
- CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.name ELSE '' END AS 表名,
- CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN isnull(f.value, '') ELSE '' END AS 表说明,
- a.colorder AS 字段序号, a.name AS 字段名, CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,
- a.name, 'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '√' ELSE '' END AS 标识,
- CASE WHEN EXISTS
- (SELECT 1
- FROM dbo.sysindexes si INNER JOIN
- dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id AND si.indid = sik.indid INNER JOIN
- dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id AND sc.colid = sik.colid INNER JOIN
- dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = si.name AND so.xtype = 'PK'
- WHERE sc.id = a.id AND sc.colid = a.colid) THEN '√' ELSE '' END AS 主键,
- b.name AS 类型, a.length AS 长度, COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'PRECISION')
- AS 精度, ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'Scale'), 0) AS 小数位数,
- CASE WHEN a.isnullable = 1 THEN '√' ELSE '' END AS 允许空, ISNULL(e.text, '')
- AS 默认值, ISNULL(g.[value], '') AS 字段说明, d.crdate AS 创建时间,
- CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.refdate ELSE NULL END AS 更改时间
- FROM dbo.syscolumns a LEFT OUTER JOIN
- dbo.systypes b ON a.xtype = b.xusertype INNER JOIN
- dbo.sysobjects d ON a.id = d.id AND d.xtype = 'U' AND
- d.status >= 0 LEFT OUTER JOIN
- dbo.syscomments e ON a.cdefault = e.id LEFT OUTER JOIN
- dbo.sysproperties g ON a.id = g.id AND a.colid = g.smallid AND
- g.name = 'MS_Description' LEFT OUTER JOIN
- dbo.sysproperties f ON d.id = f.id AND f.smallid = 0 AND
- f.name = 'MS_Description'
- ORDER BY d.name, a.colorder
- SqlServer2005数据库字典--表结构.sql
- SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT --a.id,
- CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.name ELSE '' END AS 表名,
- CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN isnull(f.value, '') ELSE '' END AS 表说明,
- a.colorder AS 字段序号, a.name AS 字段名, CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,
- a.name, 'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '√' ELSE '' END AS 标识,
- CASE WHEN EXISTS
- (SELECT 1
- FROM dbo.sysindexes si INNER JOIN
- dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id AND si.indid = sik.indid INNER JOIN
- dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id AND sc.colid = sik.colid INNER JOIN
- dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = si.name AND so.xtype = 'PK'
- WHERE sc.id = a.id AND sc.colid = a.colid) THEN '√' ELSE '' END AS 主键,
- b.name AS 类型, a.length AS 长度, COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'PRECISION')
- AS 精度, ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'Scale'), 0) AS 小数位数,
- CASE WHEN a.isnullable = 1 THEN '√' ELSE '' END AS 允许空, ISNULL(e.text, '')
- AS 默认值, ISNULL(g.[value], '') AS 字段说明, d.crdate AS 创建时间,
- CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.refdate ELSE NULL END AS 更改时间
- FROM dbo.syscolumns a LEFT OUTER JOIN
- dbo.systypes b ON a.xtype = b.xusertype INNER JOIN
- dbo.sysobjects d ON a.id = d.id AND d.xtype = 'U' AND
- d.status >= 0 LEFT OUTER JOIN
- dbo.syscomments e ON a.cdefault = e.id LEFT OUTER JOIN
- sys.extended_properties g ON a.id = g.major_id AND a.colid = g.minor_id AND
- g.name = 'MS_Description' LEFT OUTER JOIN
- sys.extended_properties f ON d.id = f.major_id AND f.minor_id = 0 AND
- f.name = 'MS_Description'
- ORDER BY d.name, 字段序号
2. SQL Server数据库字典--索引.sql
- SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT --a.id,
- CASE WHEN b.keyno = 1 THEN c.name ELSE '' END AS 表名,
- CASE WHEN b.keyno = 1 THEN a.name ELSE '' END AS 索引名称, d.name AS 列名,
- b.keyno AS 索引顺序, CASE indexkey_property(c.id, b.indid, b.keyno, 'isdescending')
- WHEN 1 THEN '降序' WHEN 0 THEN '升序' END AS 排序, CASE WHEN p.id IS NULL
- THEN '' ELSE '√' END AS 主键, CASE INDEXPROPERTY(c.id, a.name, 'IsClustered')
- WHEN 1 THEN '√' WHEN 0 THEN '' END AS 聚集, CASE INDEXPROPERTY(c.id,
- a.name, 'IsUnique') WHEN 1 THEN '√' WHEN 0 THEN '' END AS ***,
- CASE WHEN e.id IS NULL THEN '' ELSE '√' END AS ***约束,
- a.OrigFillFactor AS 填充因子, c.crdate AS 创建时间, c.refdate AS 更改时间
- FROM dbo.sysindexes a INNER JOIN
- dbo.sysindexkeys b ON a.id = b.id AND a.indid = b.indid INNER JOIN
- dbo.syscolumns d ON b.id = d.id AND b.colid = d.colid INNER JOIN
- dbo.sysobjects c ON a.id = c.id AND c.xtype = 'U' LEFT OUTER JOIN
- dbo.sysobjects e ON e.name = a.name AND e.xtype = 'UQ' LEFT OUTER JOIN
- dbo.sysobjects p ON p.name = a.name AND p.xtype = 'PK'
- WHERE (OBJECTPROPERTY(a.id, N'IsUserTable') = 1) AND (OBJECTPROPERTY(a.id,
- N'IsMSShipped') = 0) AND (INDEXPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, 'IsAutoStatistics') = 0)
- ORDER BY c.name, a.name, b.keyno
3. SQL Server数据库字典--表.视图.函数.存储过程.触发器.主键.外键.约束.规则.sql
- SELECT DISTINCT
- TOP 100 PERCENT isnull(p.name,'') AS 父对象, o.xtype,
- CASE o.xtype WHEN 'C' THEN 'CHECK 约束' WHEN 'D' THEN '默认值或DEFAULT约束'
- WHEN 'F' THEN 'FOREIGNKEY约束' WHEN 'L' THEN '日志' WHEN 'FN' THEN '标量函数'
- WHEN 'IF' THEN '内嵌表函数' WHEN 'P' THEN '存储过程' WHEN 'PK' THEN 'PRIMARYKEY约束'
- WHEN 'RF' THEN '复制筛选存储过程' WHEN 'S' THEN '系统表' WHEN 'TF' THEN '表函数'
- WHEN 'TR' THEN '触发器' WHEN 'U' THEN '用户表' WHEN 'UQ' THEN 'UNIQUE 约束'
- WHEN 'V' THEN '视图' WHEN 'X' THEN '扩展存储过程' WHEN 'R' THEN '规则' ELSE NULL
- END AS 类型, o.name AS 对象名, o.crdate AS 创建时间, o.refdate AS 更改时间,
- c.text AS 声明语句,OBJECTPROPERTY(o.id, N'IsMSShipped')
- FROM dbo.sysobjects o Left JOIN
- dbo.sysobjects p ON o.parent_obj = p.id LEFT OUTER JOIN
- dbo.syscomments c ON o.id = c.id
- WHERE --(o.xtype IN ('C','D','F','PK','UQ','L','FN','IF','TF','TR','P','R','RF','X','S','U','V')) AND
- (OBJECTPROPERTY(o.id, N'IsMSShipped') = 0) AND (isnull(p.name,'') <> N'dtproperties')
关于使用SQL视图查询SQL Server数据库字典的知识就介绍到这里了，希望本次的介绍能够对您有所收获！
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