【51CTO精选】截止到目前,还没有传出Oracle 10g/11g在RHEL 6上认证的消息,也就是说还不建议大家在RHEL 6的生产环境中使用Oracle 10g/11g。不过最近看到有些朋友问在***发布的CentOS 6上如何安装Oracle 10g,需要做测试用,而且安装过程中出现了一些问题,所以51CTO编辑决定收集一下这方面的资源,以供参考。
理论上,CentOS 6上的操作方式应该和RHEL 6一样,软件源方面大家自己想办法解决吧,51CTO之前也收集过一些RHEL 6的yum源方面的信息,可以做个参考。
如何在RHEL 6上安装Oracle 10g R2(x86)
预备工作
RHEL 6.0的服务器
类型 | 描述 | 版本 | 文件名称 | 下载站点 |
---|---|---|---|---|
DB | Oracle 10g R2 | 10.2.0.1.0 | 10201_database_linux32.zip | oracle.com |
DB | Oracle 10g R2 Companion CD | 10.2.0.1.0 | 10201_companion_linux32.zip | oracle.com |
DB | Oracle 10g R2 patch-set | 10.2.0.4.0 | p6810189_10204_Linux-x86.zip | support.oracle.com |
TOOLS | oraToolKit | 1.0.2.1.5 | oratoolkit-1.0.2.1.5-1.noarch.rpm | sourceforge.net |
OS | Red Hat Enterprise Linux | 6.0 | rhel-server-6.0-i386-dvd.iso | redhat.com |
安装步骤:
安装Korn Shell和oraToolKit
# su - root
# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt;
# rpm -ivh /mnt/Server/Packages/ksh-20100621-2.el6.i686.rpm
# cd /var/tmp/oracle
# ls -1 oratool*
oratoolkit-1.0.2.1.5-1.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh oratoolkit-1.0.2.1.5-1.noarch.rpm
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设置用户oracle的密码
# passwd oracle
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检查安装包依赖性
# /opt/oracle/otk/current/bin/installManager swReqCheck osSetup10gR2.cfg
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如果有缺少什么就补上,补完了再运行一次,直到没有警告了再继续下一步。
下面是从DVD补完依赖性的参考操作:
# cd /mnt/Server/Packages/
# rpm -ivh libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686.rpm \
kernel-headers-2.6.32-71.el6.i686.rpm \
glibc-headers-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm \
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686.rpm \
gnome-icon-theme-2.28.0-2.el6.noarch.rpm \
dmz-cursor-themes-0.4-4.el6.noarch.rpm \
sgml-common-0.6.3-32.el6.noarch.rpm \
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm \
ncurses-devel-5.7-3.20090208.el6.i686.rpm \
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.148-1.el6.i686.rpm \
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.i686.rpm \
libXxf86misc-1.0.2-1.el6.i686.rpm \
libXxf86vm-1.1.0-1.el6.i686.rpm \
libXt-1.0.7-1.el6.i686.rpm \
libXmu-1.0.5-1.el6.i686.rpm \
mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.i686.rpm \
cpp-4.4.4-13.el6.i686.rpm \
xorg-x11-xauth-1.0.2-7.1.el6.i686.rpm \
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.i686.rpm \
libdaemon-0.14-1.el6.i686.rpm \
avahi-0.6.25-8.el6.i686.rpm \
avahi-glib-0.6.25-8.el6.i686.rpm \
shared-mime-info-0.70-4.el6.i686.rpm \
libIDL-0.8.13-2.1.el6.i686.rpm \
ORBit2-2.14.17-3.1.el6.i686.rpm \
GConf2-2.28.0-6.el6.i686.rpm \
gnome-vfs2-2.24.2-6.el6.i686.rpm \
libbonobo-2.24.2-4.el6.i686.rpm \
libtool-ltdl-2.2.6-15.5.el6.i686.rpm \
unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6.i686.rpm \
gtk2-engines-2.18.4-5.el6.i686.rpm \
libmcpp-2.7.2-4.1.el6.i686.rpm \
mcpp-2.7.2-4.1.el6.i686.rpm \
xorg-x11-server-utils-7.4-15.el6.i686.rpm \
libXv-1.0.5-1.el6.i686.rpm \
ConsoleKit-x11-0.4.1-3.el6.i686.rpm \
xorg-x11-xinit-1.0.9-13.el6.i686.rpm \
libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm \
libXxf86dga-1.1.1-1.el6.i686.rpm \
libdmx-1.1.0-1.el6.i686.rpm \
xorg-x11-utils-7.4-8.el6.i686.rpm \
compat-db43-4.3.29-15.el6.i686.rpm \
compat-db42-4.2.52-15.el6.i686.rpm \
ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.i686.rpm \
cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.i686.rpm \
gcc-4.4.4-13.el6.i686.rpm \
gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686.rpm \
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686.rpm \
compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.i686.rpm \
gnome-themes-2.28.1-6.el6.noarch.rpm \
system-icon-theme-6.0.0-2.el6.noarch.rpm \
system-gnome-theme-60.0.2-1.el6.noarch.rpm \
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6.i686.rpm \
readline-devel-6.0-3.el6.i686.rpm \
libgnome-2.28.0-11.el6.i686.rpm
# cd /; umount /mnt; eject
# /opt/oracle/otk/current/bin/installManager swReqCheck osSetup10gR2.cfg
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如果要使用增强的sql*plus……
# cd /opt/oracle/otk/current/tools/rlwrap/
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# /usr/local/bin/rlwrap -v
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执行installManager的osSetup
这一步用来设置内核参数、创建路径、文件所有者和其他一些参数设置。如果想进行默认安装那就啥都别动。
# cd /opt/oracle/otk/current/conf/installManager/
# vi osSetup10gR2.cfg
# sdiff -s osSetup10gR2.cfg sample/osSetup10gR2.cfg
# /opt/oracle/otk/current/bin/installManager osSetup osSetup10gR2.cfg
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将Oracle软件移入软件源
Oracle软件就是上面你下载下来的那个。
# cd /var/tmp/oracle
# chown oracle:oinstall *
# mv 10201_database_linux32.zip 10201_companion_linux32.zip p6810189_10204_Linux-x86.zip /var/opt/oracle/repository/
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以oracle身份登录,对PS1变量进行设置
# su - oracle
------------------------------------------------------
oraToolKit 1.0 environment variables
------------------------------------------------------
Installation directory : /opt/oracle/otk
Release : 1.0.2.1.5
$RUN directory : /opt/oracle/otk/1.0/bin
$LOG_BASE directory : /var/opt/oracle/otk/1.0/log
------------------------------------------------------
<SITE|COMPANY>:oracle@stquist1p:sidNotSet$ grep ^SITE .profile.custom.interactive
SITE="<SITE|COMPANY>"
<SITE|COMPANY>:oracle@stquist1p:sidNotSet$ vi .profile.custom.interactive
<SITE|COMPANY>:oracle@stquist1p:sidNotSet$ grep ^SITE .profile.custom.interactive
SITE="Quist-LU"
<SITE|COMPANY>:oracle@stquist1p:sidNotSet$ exit
# su - oracle
Quist-LU:oracle@stquist1p:sidNotSet$
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安装Oracle软件
不要用OUI安装,否则你要坐在电脑前面点鼠标。使用swlnst让它自动运行吧。
$ bash
$ cd $INSTALL_CONF
$ cp sample/swInstEeSrv10gR2-Step[123]-linux-x86.cfg .
$ installManager swInst swInstEeSrv10gR2-Step1-linux-x86.cfg
$ su -
# /opt/oracle/eesrv/10.2.0/db1/root.sh
# exit
$ installManager swInst swInstEeSrv10gR2-Step2-linux-x86.cfg
$ installManager swInst swInstEeSrv10gR2-Step3-linux-x86.cfg
$ su -
# /opt/oracle/eesrv/10.2.0/db1/root.sh
# exit
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创建数据库
使用installManager里面的dbSetup来创建数据库。注意路径。执行命令之前,ORACLE_HOME记得先定义了。
$ cd $INSTALL_CONF
$ ls -1 dbSetup*.cfg
dbSetup-dev.cfg
dbSetup-prod.cfg
dbSetup-test.cfg
$ vi dbSetup-prod.cfg
$ sdiff -s dbSetup-prod.cfg sample/dbSetup-prod.cfg
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/eesrv/10.2.0/db1 | ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/sesrv/11.1.0/db1
$ installManager dbSetup dbSetup-prod.cfg
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连接到数据库
Oracle数据库到此已经安装完毕,用EZCONNECT或TNS尝试连接一下:
$ bash
$ sourceProdEnv
$ sqlplus otk/otk@//$ORACLE_HOSTNAME:1531/PROD
$ sqlplus otk/otk@PROD
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如果你打算在生产环境下使用,那么请继续看下面几个步骤:
用appctl管理Oracle
$ ctl status all
$ ctl stop all
$ ctl start all
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设置数据库备份
backupManager的Rman备份
记得要检查好参数后再执行备份:
$ cd $BACKUP_CONF
$ vi prod.cfg
$ sdiff -s prod.cfg sample/prod.cfg
DISK_DEVICE_MOUNT_POINT="/" | DISK_DEVICE_MOUNT_POINT="/backup01"
$ backupManager full prod.cfg
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设置cron让它按时备份
手动备份成功后就可以设置夜间自动备份了:
$ crontab -l|head -2
# Example 1: Daily physical database backup
# 0 2 * * * [ -d $HOME/../current ] && (ksh -c '. ./.profile >/dev/null; backupManager full <sid_1>.cfg <sid_2>.cfg <sid_n>.cfg >/dev/null')
$ crontab -e
$ crontab -l|head -2
# Example 1: Daily physical database backup
0 2 * * * [ -d $HOME/../current ] && (ksh -c '. ./.profile >/dev/null; backupManager full prod.cfg >/dev/null')
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到此结束。
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