Linux 下 QT 实现串口通讯小实例,代码如下
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- //ui_mainwindow.h
- #ifndef UI_MAINWINDOW_H
- #define UI_MAINWINDOW_H
- #include <QtCore/QVariant>
- #include <QtGui/QAction>
- #include <QtGui/QApplication>
- #include <QtGui/QButtonGroup>
- #include <QtGui/QHeaderView>
- #include <QtGui/QLabel>
- #include <QtGui/QMainWindow>
- #include <QtGui/QMenuBar>
- #include <QtGui/QPushButton>
- #include <QtGui/QStatusBar>
- #include <QtGui/QToolBar>
- #include <QtGui/QWidget>
- QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
- class Ui_MainWindow
- {
- public:
- QWidget *centralWidget;
- QPushButton *writeButton;
- QPushButton *readButton;
- QPushButton *closeButton;
- QLabel *dis_label;
- QMenuBar *menuBar;
- QToolBar *mainToolBar;
- QStatusBar *statusBar;
- void setupUi(QMainWindow *MainWindow)
- {
- if (MainWindow->objectName().isEmpty())
- MainWindow->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("MainWindow"));
- MainWindow->resize(600, 400);
- centralWidget = new QWidget(MainWindow);
- centralWidget->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("centralWidget"));
- writeButton = new QPushButton(centralWidget);
- writeButton->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("writeButton"));
- writeButton->setGeometry(QRect(100, 210, 75, 23));
- readButton = new QPushButton(centralWidget);
- readButton->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("readButton"));
- readButton->setGeometry(QRect(240, 210, 75, 23));
- closeButton = new QPushButton(centralWidget);
- closeButton->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("closeButton"));
- closeButton->setGeometry(QRect(390, 210, 75, 23));
- dis_label = new QLabel(centralWidget);
- dis_label->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("dis_label"));
- dis_label->setGeometry(QRect(200, 90, 191, 16));
- MainWindow->setCentralWidget(centralWidget);
- menuBar = new QMenuBar(MainWindow);
- menuBar->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("menuBar"));
- menuBar->setGeometry(QRect(0, 0, 600, 19));
- MainWindow->setMenuBar(menuBar);
- mainToolBar = new QToolBar(MainWindow);
- mainToolBar->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("mainToolBar"));
- MainWindow->addToolBar(Qt::TopToolBarArea, mainToolBar);
- statusBar = new QStatusBar(MainWindow);
- statusBar->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("statusBar"));
- MainWindow->setStatusBar(statusBar);
- retranslateUi(MainWindow);
- QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName(MainWindow);
- } // setupUi
- void retranslateUi(QMainWindow *MainWindow)
- {
- MainWindow->setWindowTitle(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- writeButton->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- readButton->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- closeButton->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- dis_label->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- } // retranslateUi
- };
- namespace Ui {
- class MainWindow: public Ui_MainWindow {};
- } // namespace Ui
- QT_END_NAMESPACE
- #endif // UI_MAINWINDOW_H
- //thread.h
- #ifndef THREAD_H
- #define THREAD_H
- #include<QThread>
- class Thread:public QThread
- {
- Q_OBJECT
- public:
- Thread();
- char buf[128];
- volatile bool stopped;
- volatile bool write_rs;
- volatile bool read_rs;
- protected:
- virtual void run();
- };
- #endif
- //thread.cpp
- #include"thread.h"
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <termios.h> //串口用到的
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <strings.h>
- #define BAUDRATE B9600
- #define RS_DEVICE "/dev/ttyS0" //串口0
- //#define RS_DEVICE "/dev/ttySAC1" //串口1
- Thread::Thread()
- {} //析构
- void Thread::run() //这就是线程的具体工作了
- {
- int fd,c=0,res;
- struct termios oldtio,newtio; //termios结构是用来保存波特率、字符大小等
- printf("start...\n");
- fd=open(RS_DEVICE,O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY); //以读写方式打开串口。不控制TTY
- if(fd<0)
- {
- perror("error");
- exit(1); //失败退出
- }
- printf("Open...\n");
- tcgetattr(fd,&oldtio); //保存当前设置到oldtio
- bzero(&newtio,sizeof(newtio)); //清除newtio结构,并重新对它的成员设置如下
- newtio.c_cflag=BAUDRATE|CS8|CLOCAL|CREAD; //9600、8位、忽略DCD信号、启用接收装置
- newtio.c_iflag|=IGNPAR; //忽略奇偶
- newtio.c_oflag=0;
- newtio.c_lflag=0;
- newtio.c_cc[VMIN]=0;
- newtio.c_cc[VTIME]=100; //在规定时间(VTIME)内读取(VMIN)个字符;
- tcflush(fd,TCIFLUSH); //清除所有队列在串口的输入与输出;
- tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&newtio); //把我们的设置写入termios
- while(stopped) //stopped为0时将退出线程
- {
- if(write_rs) //write_rs为1时把字符串从串口中输出
- {
- write_rs=0;
- write(fd,"QtEmbedded-4.5.1",16); //向串口中写入字符,通过串口调试助手可看到QtEmbedded-4.5.1这个字符
- }
- if(read_rs) //read_rs为1时读取,并存在buf
- {
- read_rs=0;
- res=read(fd,buf,10); //读取串口的数据到buf
- buf[res]=0;
- emit finished(); //读完后发一个信号
- }
- }
- printf("Close...\n");
- tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&oldtio); //重新设置回原来的
- close(fd);
- quit();
- }
- //mainwindow.h
- #ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
- #define MAINWINDOW_H
- #include<QtGui>
- #include"ui_mainwindow.h" //奇怪?这个头文件从哪里来的?呵呵,刚才用designer做的mainwindow.ui文件,经过make后会生成这个头文件,
- #include"thread.h" //把我们前面定义的线程包含进来
- class MainWindow:public QMainWindow,public Ui::MainWindow //多继承
- {
- Q_OBJECT
- public:
- MainWindow(QWidget *parent=0);
- public slots:
- void writeThread();
- void readThread();
- void closeThread();
- void display();
- private:
- Thread *yy;
- };
- #endif
- //mainwindow.cpp
- #include"mainwindow.h"
- MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
- :QMainWindow(parent)
- {
- setupUi(this);
- yy = new Thread;
- yy->start(); //启动线程
- yy->stopped=1; //初始化变量
- yy->write_rs=0;
- yy->read_rs=0;
- connect(writeButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(writeThread())); //信号与槽
- connect(readButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(readThread()));
- connect(closeButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(closeThread()));
- connect(yy,SIGNAL(finished()),this,SLOT(display())); //前面线程读完了不是发一个信号么,这个信号就是发到这个槽
- }
- void MainWindow::display()
- {
- dis_label->setText(yy->buf); //读到的在dis_label显示,dis_label就是我们前面designer放的标签,显示buf中的内容
- }
- void MainWindow::writeThread() //前面线程都是根据stopped、write_rs、read_rs的状态来工作的^_^
- {
- yy->write_rs=1;
- }
- void MainWindow::readThread()
- {
- yy->read_rs=1;
- }
- void MainWindow::closeThread()
- {
- yy->stopped=0;
- }
- //main.cpp
- #include<QApplication>
- #include"mainwindow.h"
- int main(int argc,char *argv[])
- {
- QApplication app(argc,argv);
- MainWindow mw;
- mw.show();
- return app.exec();
- }
- //ui_mainwindow.h
- #ifndef UI_MAINWINDOW_H
- #define UI_MAINWINDOW_H
- #include <QtCore/QVariant>
- #include <QtGui/QAction>
- #include <QtGui/QApplication>
- #include <QtGui/QButtonGroup>
- #include <QtGui/QHeaderView>
- #include <QtGui/QLabel>
- #include <QtGui/QMainWindow>
- #include <QtGui/QMenuBar>
- #include <QtGui/QPushButton>
- #include <QtGui/QStatusBar>
- #include <QtGui/QToolBar>
- #include <QtGui/QWidget>
- QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
- class Ui_MainWindow
- {
- public:
- QWidget *centralWidget;
- QPushButton *writeButton;
- QPushButton *readButton;
- QPushButton *closeButton;
- QLabel *dis_label;
- QMenuBar *menuBar;
- QToolBar *mainToolBar;
- QStatusBar *statusBar;
- void setupUi(QMainWindow *MainWindow)
- {
- if (MainWindow->objectName().isEmpty())
- MainWindow->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("MainWindow"));
- MainWindow->resize(600, 400);
- centralWidget = new QWidget(MainWindow);
- centralWidget->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("centralWidget"));
- writeButton = new QPushButton(centralWidget);
- writeButton->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("writeButton"));
- writeButton->setGeometry(QRect(100, 210, 75, 23));
- readButton = new QPushButton(centralWidget);
- readButton->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("readButton"));
- readButton->setGeometry(QRect(240, 210, 75, 23));
- closeButton = new QPushButton(centralWidget);
- closeButton->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("closeButton"));
- closeButton->setGeometry(QRect(390, 210, 75, 23));
- dis_label = new QLabel(centralWidget);
- dis_label->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("dis_label"));
- dis_label->setGeometry(QRect(200, 90, 191, 16));
- MainWindow->setCentralWidget(centralWidget);
- menuBar = new QMenuBar(MainWindow);
- menuBar->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("menuBar"));
- menuBar->setGeometry(QRect(0, 0, 600, 19));
- MainWindow->setMenuBar(menuBar);
- mainToolBar = new QToolBar(MainWindow);
- mainToolBar->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("mainToolBar"));
- MainWindow->addToolBar(Qt::TopToolBarArea, mainToolBar);
- statusBar = new QStatusBar(MainWindow);
- statusBar->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("statusBar"));
- MainWindow->setStatusBar(statusBar);
- retranslateUi(MainWindow);
- QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName(MainWindow);
- } // setupUi
- void retranslateUi(QMainWindow *MainWindow)
- {
- MainWindow->setWindowTitle(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- writeButton->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- readButton->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- closeButton->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "PushButton", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- dis_label->setText(QApplication::translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
- } // retranslateUi
- };
- namespace Ui {
- class MainWindow: public Ui_MainWindow {};
- } // namespace Ui
- QT_END_NAMESPACE
- #endif // UI_MAINWINDOW_H
- //thread.h
- #ifndef THREAD_H
- #define THREAD_H
- #include<QThread>
- class Thread:public QThread
- {
- Q_OBJECT
- public:
- Thread();
- char buf[128];
- volatile bool stopped;
- volatile bool write_rs;
- volatile bool read_rs;
- protected:
- virtual void run();
- };
- #endif
- //thread.cpp
- #include"thread.h"
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <termios.h> //串口用到的
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <strings.h>
- #define BAUDRATE B9600
- #define RS_DEVICE "/dev/ttyS0" //串口0
- //#define RS_DEVICE "/dev/ttySAC1" //串口1
- Thread::Thread()
- {} //析构
- void Thread::run() //这就是线程的具体工作了
- {
- int fd,c=0,res;
- struct termios oldtio,newtio; //termios结构是用来保存波特率、字符大小等
- printf("start...\n");
- fd=open(RS_DEVICE,O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY); //以读写方式打开串口。不控制TTY
- if(fd<0)
- {
- perror("error");
- exit(1); //失败退出
- }
- printf("Open...\n");
- tcgetattr(fd,&oldtio); //保存当前设置到oldtio
- bzero(&newtio,sizeof(newtio)); //清除newtio结构,并重新对它的成员设置如下
- newtio.c_cflag=BAUDRATE|CS8|CLOCAL|CREAD; //9600、8位、忽略DCD信号、启用接收装置
- newtio.c_iflag|=IGNPAR; //忽略奇偶
- newtio.c_oflag=0;
- newtio.c_lflag=0;
- newtio.c_cc[VMIN]=0;
- newtio.c_cc[VTIME]=100; //在规定时间(VTIME)内读取(VMIN)个字符;
- tcflush(fd,TCIFLUSH); //清除所有队列在串口的输入与输出;
- tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&newtio); //把我们的设置写入termios
- while(stopped) //stopped为0时将退出线程
- {
- if(write_rs) //write_rs为1时把字符串从串口中输出
- {
- write_rs=0;
- write(fd,"QtEmbedded-4.5.1",16); //向串口中写入字符,通过串口调试助手可看到QtEmbedded-4.5.1这个字符
- }
- if(read_rs) //read_rs为1时读取,并存在buf
- {
- read_rs=0;
- res=read(fd,buf,10); //读取串口的数据到buf
- buf[res]=0;
- emit finished(); //读完后发一个信号
- }
- }
- printf("Close...\n");
- tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&oldtio); //重新设置回原来的
- close(fd);
- quit();
- }
- //mainwindow.h
- #ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
- #define MAINWINDOW_H
- #include<QtGui>
- #include"ui_mainwindow.h" //奇怪?这个头文件从哪里来的?呵呵,刚才用designer做的mainwindow.ui文件,经过make后会生成这个头文件,
- #include"thread.h" //把我们前面定义的线程包含进来
- class MainWindow:public QMainWindow,public Ui::MainWindow //多继承
- {
- Q_OBJECT
- public:
- MainWindow(QWidget *parent=0);
- public slots:
- void writeThread();
- void readThread();
- void closeThread();
- void display();
- private:
- Thread *yy;
- };
- #endif
- //mainwindow.cpp
- #include"mainwindow.h"
- MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
- :QMainWindow(parent)
- {
- setupUi(this);
- yy = new Thread;
- yy->start(); //启动线程
- yy->stopped=1; //初始化变量
- yy->write_rs=0;
- yy->read_rs=0;
- connect(writeButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(writeThread())); //信号与槽
- connect(readButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(readThread()));
- connect(closeButton,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(closeThread()));
- connect(yy,SIGNAL(finished()),this,SLOT(display())); //前面线程读完了不是发一个信号么,这个信号就是发到这个槽
- }
- void MainWindow::display()
- {
- dis_label->setText(yy->buf); //读到的在dis_label显示,dis_label就是我们前面designer放的标签,显示buf中的内容
- }
- void MainWindow::writeThread() //前面线程都是根据stopped、write_rs、read_rs的状态来工作的^_^
- {
- yy->write_rs=1;
- }
- void MainWindow::readThread()
- {
- yy->read_rs=1;
- }
- void MainWindow::closeThread()
- {
- yy->stopped=0;
- }
- //main.cpp
- #include<QApplication>
- #include"mainwindow.h"
- int main(int argc,char *argv[])
- {
- QApplication app(argc,argv);
- MainWindow mw;
- mw.show();
- return app.exec();
- }
本例中用到了线程,线程有一个好处就是可以单独的去扫描串行端口,当有数据发送到端口时,显示相应的字符到显示框中。使用时注意波特率和串口的设置,这里用的波特率是9600,串口时ttyS0。
小结:Linux下 QT 实现串口通讯小实例的内容介绍完了,都是代码实现,希望这些代码对你有所帮助!想要更多内容,请参考编辑推荐!