实现Android与服务器端数据交互,我们在PC机器java客户端中,需要一些库,比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService,但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端,做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库,可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用,当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了,那么我们就开始吧:
首先下载KSOAP包:
- ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar
然后新建android项目:并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下:右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries,如图:
以下分为七个步骤来调用WebService方法:
1、实例化SoapObject 对象,指定webService的命名空间(从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间),以及调用方法名称。如:
- //命名空间
- private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
- //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
- private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
- //实例化SoapObject对象
- SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
2、假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数
- request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");
3、设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号,与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):
- //获得序列化的Envelope
- SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
- envelope.bodyOut=request;
4、注册Envelope,
- (new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
5、构建传输对象,并指明WSDL文档URL:
- //请求URL
- private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
- //Android传输对象
- AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
- transport.debug=true;
6、调用WebService(其中参数为1:命名空间+方法名称,2:Envelope对象):
- transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
7、解析返回数据:
- if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
- return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
- }
- /**************
- * 解析XML
- * @param str
- * @return
- */
- private static List<String> parse(String str){
- String temp;
- List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
- if(str!=null && str.length()>0){
- int start=str.indexOf("string");
- int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");
- temp=str.substring(start, end-3);
- String []test=temp.split(";");
- for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){
- if(i==0){
- temp=test[i].substring(7);
- }else{
- temp=test[i].substring(8);
- }
- int index=temp.indexOf(",");
- list.add(temp.substring(0, index));
- }
- }
- return list;
- }
这样就成功啦。那么现在我们就来测试下吧,这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务的,我这里只提供获取城市列表:
- //命名空间
- private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
- //请求URL
- private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
- //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
- private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
- //调用城市的方法(需要带参数)
- private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
- //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)
- private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
#p#
我们选择获取国内外主要城市或者省份的方法吧:getSupportProvice,然后调用,你会发现浏览器返回给我们的是xml文档:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
- <ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
- xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
- <string>直辖市</string>
- <string>特别行政区</string>
- <string>黑龙江</string>
- <string>吉林</string>
- <string>辽宁</string>
- <string>内蒙古</string>
- <string>河北</string>
- <string>河南</string>
- <string>山东</string>
- <string>山西</string>
- <string>江苏</string>
- <string>安徽</string>
- <string>陕西</string>
- <string>宁夏</string>
- <string>甘肃</string>
- <string>青海</string>
- <string>湖北</string>
- <string>湖南</string>
- <string>浙江</string>
- <string>江西</string>
- <string>福建</string>
- <string>贵州</string>
- <string>四川</string>
- <string>广东</string>
- <string>广西</string>
- <string>云南</string>
- <string>海南</string>
- <string>新疆</string>
- <string>西藏</string>
- <string>台湾</string>
- <string>亚洲</string>
- <string>欧洲</string>
- <string>非洲</string>
- <string>北美洲</string>
- <string>南美洲</string>
- <string>大洋洲</string>
- </ArrayOfString>
我们可以用 listview来显示:
那么下面我将给出全部代码:
- public class WebServiceHelper {
- //WSDL文档中的命名空间
- private static final
- String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/"; //WSDL文档中的URL
- private static final
- String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
- //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)
- private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
- //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合:带参数)
- private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
- //根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数
- private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
- /********
- * 获得州,国内外省份和城市信息
- * @return
- */
- public List<String> getProvince(){
- List<String>
- provinces=new ArrayList<String>();
- String str="";
- SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince);
- //request.addProperty("参数", "参数值");调用的方法参数与参数值(根据具体需要可选可不选)
- SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
- envelope.dotNet=true;
- envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;
- AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
- //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
- try {
- httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope);
- SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
- //下面对结果进行解析,结构类似json对象
- //str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString();
- int count=result.getPropertyCount();
- for(int index=0;index<count;index++){
- provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
- }
- } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return provinces;
- }
- /**********
- * 根据省份或者直辖市获取天气预报所支持的城市集合
- * @param province
- * @return
- */
- public List<String> getCitys(String province){
- List<String> citys=new ArrayList<String>();
- SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);
- soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", province);
- SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
- envelope.dotNet=true;
- envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
- AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
- try {
- httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope);
- SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
- int count=result.getPropertyCount();
- for(int index=0;index<count;index++){
- citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
- }
- } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return citys;
- }
- /***************************
- * 根据城市信息获取天气预报信息
- * @param city
- * @return
- ***************************/
- public WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){
- WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();
- SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);
- soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值(根据具体需要可选可不选)
- SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
- envelope.dotNet=true;
- envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;
- AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
- //或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
- try {
- httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
- SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
- //下面对结果进行解析,结构类似json对象
- bean=parserWeather(result);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return bean;
- }
- /**
- * 解析返回的结果
- * @param soapObject
- */
- protected WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){
- WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();
- List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
- Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();//城市名
- bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString());//城市简介
- bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString());
- bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"\n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString()); //其他数据 //日期,
- String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString();
- String weatherToday="今天:" + date.split(" ")[0];
- weatherToday+="\n天气:"+ date.split(" ")[1];
- weatherToday+="\n气温:"+soapObject.getProperty(5).toString();
- weatherToday+="\n风力:"+soapObject.getProperty(7).toString();
- weatherToday+="\n";
- List<Integer> icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(8).toString()));
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(9).toString()));
- map.put("weatherDay", weatherToday);
- map.put("icons",icons);
- list.add(map);
- map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
- date=soapObject.getProperty(13).toString();
- String weatherTomorrow="明天:" + date.split(" ")[0];
- weatherTomorrow+="\n天气:"+ date.split(" ")[1];
- weatherTomorrow+="\n气温:"+soapObject.getProperty(12).toString();
- weatherTomorrow+="\n风力:"+soapObject.getProperty(14).toString();
- weatherTomorrow+="\n";
- icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(15).toString()));
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(16).toString()));
- map.put("weatherDay", weatherTomorrow);
- map.put("icons",icons);
- list.add(map);
- map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
- date=soapObject.getProperty(18).toString();
- String weatherAfterTomorrow="后天:" + date.split(" ")[0];
- weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n天气:"+ date.split(" ")[1];
- weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n气温:"+soapObject.getProperty(17).toString();
- weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n风力:"+soapObject.getProperty(19).toString();
- weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n";
- icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(20).toString()));
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(21).toString()));
- map.put("weatherDay", weatherAfterTomorrow);
- map.put("icons",icons);
- list.add(map);
- bean.setList(list);
- return bean;
- } //解析图标字符串
- private int parseIcon(String data){
- // 0.gif,返回名称0,
- int resID=32;
- String result=data.substring(0, data.length()-4).trim();
- // String []icon=data.split(".");
- // String result=icon[0].trim();
- // Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim());
- if(!result.equals("nothing")){
- resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim());
- }
- return resID;
- //return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0];
- }
- }
上就是我所作的查询天气预报的全部核心代码了,读者可以根据注释以及本文章了解下具体实现,相信很快就搞明白了,运行结果如下:
到此结束,下一节主要是socket通信了。
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