【51CTO 新鲜译文】Ubuntu 11.04(Natty Narwhal)已经发布,这篇指南向你介绍如何从Ubuntu 10.10桌面和服务器版分别升级到Ubuntu 11.04,本文不提供任何保证,也许你照做还是不能成功升级到Ubuntu 11.04。
1、桌面版
依次点击“系统”*“管理”*“升级管理器”启动升级管理器:
图 1 启动升级管理器
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升级管理器将会显示有新的版本(11.04)可用,点击“升级”按钮启动版本升级:
图 2 发现新的版本
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显示11.04发行注记,再次点击“升级”:
图 3 新版本发行注记
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升级工具开始下载,开始之前需要输入密码:
图 4 输入密码
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做升级准备:
图 5 准备升级
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点击“开始升级”:
图 6 确认开始升级
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下载升级包:
图 7 下载软件包
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安装升级包,这个过程比较长,请耐心等待,可以去喝杯咖啡先。
图 8 安装软件包
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在升级过程的最后,你应该移除废弃的软件包:
图 9 移除废弃的软件包
图 10 正在清理废弃的软件包
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系统需要重启以完成升级,因此请点击“现在重启”:
图 11 确认重启系统
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当你登录时,Ubuntu 11.04将使用默认的Unity桌面,需要你的硬件支持3D加速,如果不支持,可以在登录屏幕选择“Ubuntu经典桌面”:
图 12 选择Ubuntu经典桌面
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重启后,你就可以使用新的Ubuntu 11.04桌面了(因为我使用的是虚拟机,系统不支持3D加速,因此在下图中你看到的是Ubuntu经典桌面):
图 13 Ubuntu经典桌面
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2、服务器
首先获得root权限:
sudo su
然后运行:
apt-get update
安装update-manager-core软件包:
apt-get install update-manager-core
打开/etc/update-manager/release-upgrades文件:
vi /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades
确保里面包含了Prompt=normal:
[...] Prompt=normal
然后运行:
do-release-upgrade
启动系统升级。
root@server1:~# do-release-upgrade
Checking for a new ubuntu release
Get:1 Upgrade tool signature [198B]
Get:2 Upgrade tool [1307kB]
Fetched 1307kB in 0s (0B/s)
extracting 'natty.tar.gz'
authenticate 'natty.tar.gz' against 'natty.tar.gz.gpg'
Reading cache
Checking package manager
Continue running under SSH?
This session appears to be running under ssh. It is not recommended to perform a upgrade over ssh currently because in case of failure it is harder to recover.
If you continue, an additional ssh daemon will be started at port '1022'.
Do you want to continue?
Continue [yN] <-- y此处输入y
Starting additional sshd
To make recovery in case of failure easier, an additional sshd will be started on port '1022'.
If anything goes wrong with the running ssh you can still connect to the additional one.
To continue please press [ENTER] <-- ENTER 此处按回车
确定你是否要升级:
Do you want to start the upgrade?
3 packages are going to be removed.
34 new packages are going to be installed.
291 packages are going to be upgraded.
You have to download a total of 171M.
This download will take about 1 minute with your connection.
Fetching and installing the upgrade can take several hours.
Once the download has finished, the process cannot be cancelled.
Continue [yN] Details [d] <-- y 此处输入y
在升级期间,有些服务需要重启,当升级管理器要求你重启某个服务时(它会显示一个服务列表),你只需要按回车接受即可。
If you see the following message about grub (What do you want to do about modified configuration file grub?), install the package maintainer's version:
如果你在升级过程末尾看到这样的消息(你想修改grub配置文件吗?),你应该移除废弃的软件包:
6 packages are going to be removed.
Continue [yN] Details [d] <-- y 此处输入y
服务器需要重启以完成升级:
Restart required
To finish the upgrade, a restart is required.
If you select 'y' the system will be restarted.
Continue [yN] <-- y 此处输入y
重启后,你的服务器运行的就是Ubuntu 11.04了。
原文名:How To Upgrade Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat) To 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) (Desktop & Server)
【本文乃51CTO独家译稿,非经授权谢绝转载,合作媒体转载请注明原文作者及出处】
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