Jackson可以轻松的将Java对象转换成json对象和xml文档,同样也可以将json、xml转换成Java对象。相比json-lib框架,Jackson所依赖的jar包较少,简单易用并且性能也要相对高些。而且Jackson社区相对比较活跃,更新速度也比较快。
一、准备工作
1、 下载依赖库jar包
Jackson的jar all下载地址:http://jackson.codehaus.org/1.7.6/jackson-all-1.7.6.jar
然后在工程中导入这个jar包即可开始工作
官方示例:http://wiki.fasterxml.com/JacksonInFiveMinutes
因为下面的程序是用junit测试用例运行的,所以还得添加junit的jar包。版本是junit-4.2.8
如果你需要转换xml,那么还需要stax2-api.jar
2、 测试类基本代码如下
- package com.hoo.test;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.StringWriter;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Iterator;
- import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.Set;
- import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonEncoding;
- import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerationException;
- import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerator;
- import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonParseException;
- import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException;
- import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
- import org.codehaus.jackson.node.JsonNodeFactory;
- import org.codehaus.jackson.xml.XmlMapper;
- import org.junit.After;
- import org.junit.Before;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import com.hoo.entity.AccountBean;
- /**
- * <b>function:</b>Jackson 将java对象转换成JSON字符串,也可以将JSON字符串转换成java对象
- * jar-lib-version: jackson-all-1.6.2
- * jettison-1.0.1
- * @author hoojo
- * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午04:54:53
- * @file JacksonTest.java
- * @package com.hoo.test
- * @project Spring3
- * @blog http://blog.csdn.net/IBM_hoojo
- * @email hoojo_@126.com
- * @version 1.0
- */
- @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
- public class JacksonTest {
- private JsonGenerator jsonGenerator = null;
- private ObjectMapper objectMapper = null;
- private AccountBean bean = null;
- @Before
- public void init() {
- bean = new AccountBean();
- bean.setAddress("china-Guangzhou");
- bean.setEmail("hoojo_@126.com");
- bean.setId(1);
- bean.setName("hoojo");
- objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
- try {
- jsonGenerator = objectMapper.getJsonFactory().createJsonGenerator(System.out, JsonEncoding.UTF8);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }}
- @After
- public void destory() {
- try {
- if (jsonGenerator != null) {
- jsonGenerator.flush();
- }
- if (!jsonGenerator.isClosed()) {
- jsonGenerator.close();}
- jsonGenerator = null;
- objectMapper = null;
- bean = null;
- System.gc();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }}}
3、 所需要的JavaEntity
- package com.hoo.entity;
- public class AccountBean {
- private int id;
- private String name;
- private String email;
- private String address;
- private Birthday birthday;
- //getter、setter
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return this.name + "#" + this.id + "#" + this.address + "#" + this.birthday + "#" + this.email;
- }
- }
- Birthday
- package com.hoo.entity;
- public class Birthday {
- private String birthday;
- public Birthday(String birthday) {
- super();
- this.birthday = birthday;
- }
- //getter、setter
- public Birthday() {}
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return this.birthday;
- }
- }
#p#
二、Java对象转换成JSON
1、 JavaBean(Entity/Model)转换成JSON
- /**
- * <b>function:</b>将java对象转换成json字符串
- * @author hoojo
- * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:01:10
- */
- @Test
- public void writeEntityJSON() {
- try {
- System.out.println("jsonGenerator");
- //writeObject可以转换java对象,eg:JavaBean/Map/List/Array等
- jsonGenerator.writeObject(bean);
- System.out.println();
- System.out.println("ObjectMapper");
- //writeValue具有和writeObject相同的功能
- objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, bean);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
运行后结果如下:
- jsonGenerator
- {"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}
- ObjectMapper
- {"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}
上面分别利用JsonGenerator的writeObject方法和ObjectMapper的writeValue方法完成对Java对象的转换,二者传递的参数及构造的方式不同;JsonGenerator的创建依赖于ObjectMapper对象。也就是说如果你要使用JsonGenerator来转换JSON,那么你必须创建一个ObjectMapper。但是你用ObjectMapper来转换JSON,则不需要JSONGenerator。
objectMapper的writeValue方法可以将一个Java对象转换成JSON。这个方法的参数一,需要提供一个输出流,转换后可以通过这个流来输出转换后的内容。或是提供一个File,将转换后的内容写入到File中。当然,这个参数也可以接收一个JSONGenerator,然后通过JSONGenerator来输出转换后的信息。第二个参数是将要被转换的Java对象。如果用三个参数的方法,那么是一个Config。这个config可以提供一些转换时的规则,过指定的Java对象的某些属性进行过滤或转换等。
2、 将Map集合转换成Json字符串
- /**
- * <b>function:</b>将map转换成json字符串
- * @author hoojo
- * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:05:26
- */
- @Test
- public void writeMapJSON() {
- try {
- Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
- map.put("name", bean.getName());
- map.put("account", bean);
- bean = new AccountBean();
- bean.setAddress("china-Beijin");
- bean.setEmail("hoojo@qq.com");
- map.put("account2", bean);
- System.out.println("jsonGenerator");
- jsonGenerator.writeObject(map);
- System.out.println("");
- System.out.println("objectMapper");
- objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, map);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
转换后结果如下:
- jsonGenerator
- {"account2":{"address":"china-Beijin","name":null,"id":0,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo@qq.com"},"name":"hoojo",
- "account":{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}}
- objectMapper
- {"account2":{"address":"china-Beijin","name":null,"id":0,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo@qq.com"},"name":"hoojo",
- "account":{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"}}
3、 将List集合转换成json
- /**
- * <b>function:</b>将list集合转换成json字符串
- * @author hoojo
- * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:05:59
- */
- @Test
- public void writeListJSON() {
- try {
- List<AccountBean> list = new ArrayList<AccountBean>();
- list.add(bean);
- bean = new AccountBean();
- bean.setId(2);
- bean.setAddress("address2");
- bean.setEmail("email2");
- bean.setName("haha2");
- list.add(bean);
- System.out.println("jsonGenerator");
- //list转换成JSON字符串
- jsonGenerator.writeObject(list);
- System.out.println();
- System.out.println("ObjectMapper");
- //用objectMapper直接返回list转换成的JSON字符串
- System.out.println("1###" + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(list));
- System.out.print("2###");
- //objectMapper list转换成JSON字符串
- objectMapper.writeValue(System.out, list);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
结果如下:
- jsonGenerator
- [{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"},
- {"address":"address2","name":"haha2","id":2,"birthday":null,"email":"email2"}]
- ObjectMapper
- 1###[{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"},
- {"address":"address2","name":"haha2","id":2,"birthday":null,"email":"email2"}]
- 2###[{"address":"china-Guangzhou","name":"hoojo","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"hoojo_@126.com"},
- {"address":"address2","name":"haha2","id":2,"birthday":null,"email":"email2"}]
外面就是多了个[]中括号;同样Array也可以转换,转换的JSON和上面的结果是一样的,这里就不再转换了。~.~
4、下面来看看jackson提供的一些类型,用这些类型完成json转换;如果你使用这些类型转换JSON的话,那么你即使没有JavaBean(Entity)也可以完成复杂的Java类型的JSON转换。下面用到这些类型构建一个复杂的Java对象,并完成JSON转换。
- @Test
- public void writeOthersJSON() {
- try {
- String[] arr = { "a", "b", "c" };
- System.out.println("jsonGenerator");
- String str = "hello world jackson!";
- //byte
- jsonGenerator.writeBinary(str.getBytes());
- //boolean
- jsonGenerator.writeBoolean(true);
- //null
- jsonGenerator.writeNull();
- //float
- jsonGenerator.writeNumber(2.2f);
- //char
- jsonGenerator.writeRaw("c");
- //String
- jsonGenerator.writeRaw(str, 5, 10);
- //String
- jsonGenerator.writeRawValue(str, 5, 5);
- //String
- jsonGenerator.writeString(str);
- jsonGenerator.writeTree(JsonNodeFactory.instance.POJONode(str));
- System.out.println();
- //Object
- jsonGenerator.writeStartObject();//{
- jsonGenerator.writeObjectFieldStart("user");//user:{
- jsonGenerator.writeStringField("name", "jackson");//name:jackson
- jsonGenerator.writeBooleanField("sex", true);//sex:true
- jsonGenerator.writeNumberField("age", 22);//age:22
- jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();//}
- jsonGenerator.writeArrayFieldStart("infos");//infos:[
- jsonGenerator.writeNumber(22);//22
- jsonGenerator.writeString("this is array");//this is array
- jsonGenerator.writeEndArray();//]
- jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();//}
- AccountBean bean = new AccountBean();
- bean.setAddress("address");
- bean.setEmail("email");
- bean.setId(1);
- bean.setName("haha");
- //complex Object
- jsonGenerator.writeStartObject();//{
- jsonGenerator.writeObjectField("user", bean);//user:{bean}
- jsonGenerator.writeObjectField("infos", arr);//infos:[array]
- jsonGenerator.writeEndObject();//}
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
运行后,结果如下:
- jsonGenerator
- "aGVsbG8gd29ybGQgamFja3NvbiE=" true null 2.2c world jac worl "hello world jackson!" "hello world jackson!"
- {"user":{"name":"jackson","sex":true,"age":22},"infos":[22,"this is array"]}
- {"user":{"address":"address","name":"haha","id":1,"birthday":null,"email":"email"},"infos":["a","b","c"]}
怎么样?构造的json字符串和输出的结果是一致的吧。关键看懂用JSONGenerator提供的方法,完成一个Object的构建。
#p#
三、JSON转换成Java对象
1、 将json字符串转换成JavaBean对象
- @Test
- public void readJson2Entity() {
- String json = "{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}";
- try {
- AccountBean acc = objectMapper.readValue(json, AccountBean.class);
- System.out.println(acc.getName());
- System.out.println(acc);
- } catch (JsonParseException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (JsonMappingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
很简单,用到了ObjectMapper这个对象的readValue这个方法,这个方法需要提供2个参数。***个参数就是解析的JSON字符串,第二个参数是即将将这个JSON解析吃什么Java对象,Java对象的类型。当然,还有其他相同签名方法,如果你有兴趣可以一一尝试使用方法,当然使用的方法和当前使用的方法大同小异。运行后,结果如下:
- haha
- haha#1#address#null#email
2、 将json字符串转换成List<Map>集合
- /**
- * <b>function:</b>json字符串转换成list<map>
- * @author hoojo
- * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:12:01
- */
- @Test
- public void readJson2List() {
- String json = "[{\"address\": \"address2\",\"name\":\"haha2\",\"id\":2,\"email\":\"email2\"},"+
- "{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}]";
- try {
- List<LinkedHashMap<String, Object>> list = objectMapper.readValue(json, List.class);
- System.out.println(list.size());
- for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
- Map<String, Object> map = list.get(i);
- Set<String> set = map.keySet();
- for (Iterator<String> it = set.iterator();it.hasNext();) {
- String key = it.next();
- System.out.println(key + ":" + map.get(key));
- }}
- } catch (JsonParseException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (JsonMappingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
尝试过将上面的JSON转换成List,然后List中存放AccountBean,但结果失败了。但是支持Map集合。因为你转成List.class,但是不知道List存放何种类型。只好默然Map类型。因为所有的对象都可以转换成Map结合,运行后结果如下:
- 2
- address:address2
- name:haha2
- id:2
- email:email2
- address:address
- name:haha
- id:1
- email:email
3、 Json字符串转换成Array数组,由于上面的泛型转换不能识别到集合中的对象类型。所有这里用对象数组,可以解决这个问题。只不过它不再是集合,而是一个数组。当然这个不重要,你可以用Arrays.asList将其转换成List即可。
- /**
- * <b>function:</b>json字符串转换成Array
- * @author hoojo
- * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:14:01
- */
- @Test
- public void readJson2Array() {
- String json = "[{\"address\": \"address2\",\"name\":\"haha2\",\"id\":2,\"email\":\"email2\"},"+
- "{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}]";
- try {
- AccountBean[] arr = objectMapper.readValue(json, AccountBean[].class);
- System.out.println(arr.length);
- for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
- System.out.println(arr[i]);
- }
- } catch (JsonParseException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (JsonMappingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
运行后的结果:
- 2
- haha2#2#address2#null#email2
- haha#1#address#null#email
4、 Json字符串转换成Map集合
- /**
- * <b>function:</b>json字符串转换Map集合
- * @author hoojo
- * @createDate Nov 27, 2010 3:00:06 PM
- */
- @Test
- public void readJson2Map() {
- String json = "{\"success\":true,\"A\":{\"address\": \"address2\",\"name\":\"haha2\",\"id\":2,\"email\":\"email2\"},"+
- "\"B\":{\"address\":\"address\",\"name\":\"haha\",\"id\":1,\"email\":\"email\"}}";
- try {
- Map<String, Map<String, Object>> maps = objectMapper.readValue(json, Map.class);
- System.out.println(maps.size());
- Set<String> key = maps.keySet();
- Iterator<String> iter = key.iterator();
- while (iter.hasNext()) {
- String field = iter.next();
- System.out.println(field + ":" + maps.get(field));
- }
- } catch (JsonParseException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (JsonMappingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
运行后结果如下:
- 3
- success:true
- A:{address=address2, name=haha2, id=2, email=email2}
- B:{address=address, name=haha, id=1, email=email}
#p#
四、Jackson对XML的支持
Jackson也可以完成java对象到xml的转换,转换后的结果要比json-lib更直观,不过它依赖于stax2-api.jar这个jar包。
- /**
- * <b>function:</b>java对象转换成xml文档
- * 需要额外的jar包 stax2-api.jar
- * @author hoojo
- * @createDate 2010-11-23 下午06:11:21
- */
- @Test
- public void writeObject2Xml() {
- //stax2-api-3.0.2.jar
- System.out.println("XmlMapper");
- XmlMapper xml = new XmlMapper();
- try {
- //javaBean转换成xml
- //xml.writeValue(System.out, bean);
- StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
- xml.writeValue(sw, bean);
- System.out.println(sw.toString());
- //List转换成xml
- List<AccountBean> list = new ArrayList<AccountBean>();
- list.add(bean);
- list.add(bean);
- System.out.println(xml.writeValueAsString(list));
- //Map转换xml文档
- Map<String, AccountBean> map = new HashMap<String, AccountBean>();
- map.put("A", bean);
- map.put("B", bean);
- System.out.println(xml.writeValueAsString(map));
- } catch (JsonGenerationException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (JsonMappingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
运行上面的方法,结果如下:
- XmlMapper
- <unknown><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></unknown>
- <unknown><unknown><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></unknown>
- <email><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></email></unknown>
- <unknown><A><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></A>
- <B><address>china-Guangzhou</address><name>hoojo</name><id>1</id><birthday/><email>hoojo_@126.com</email></B></unknown>
看结果,根节点都是unknown 这个问题还没有解决,由于根节点没有转换出来,所有导致解析xml到Java对象,也无法完成。
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