ProFTPD是继Wu-FTP之后最为流行的FTP服务器软件。Proftpd的权限都需要设置才能稳定运行,本文给大家介绍下他的原理!
一、测试平台
Debian 4.0r3
Proftpd 1.3.1 (WITH SSL)
二、原理简介
1、 继承性
子目录会继承其父目录的属性。
2、 优先级
优先级由大到小的顺序:
原始FTP命令(LIST DELE等) > 命令组(DIRS READ WRITE) > ALL命令组
3、 访问控制的应用顺序
不论出现顺序如何,先应用拒绝(Deny),后应用允许(Allow)
4、系统权限
Linux系统权限仍然起作用。如果设置了目录test的
读权限,这是该用户就不能向test目录写入。
AllowUser u1 -------------------- 3、访问控制的应用顺序
DenyAll
一点解释:根据参考1所述,访问控制的顺序应该是与其出现顺序有关,但是在我的测试中发现出现顺序没有什么影响。也就是说,像上面的访问控制,AllowUser u1和DenyAll哪个在前面都一样。
三、实例
1、简介
假设proftpd服务器上有5个用户:
manager, manA1, manA2, manB1, manB2
和2个组:
groupA, groupB
manA1和manA2属于groupA组,manB1和manB2属于groupB组。
并且有如下目录结构:
- /根目录
- │
- ├ftproot/
- │ ├manager/
- │ │
- │ ├groupA/
- │ │ ├A1/
- │ │ ├A2/
- │ │ └.../
- │ │
- │ ├groupB/
- │ ├B1/
- │ ├B2/
- │ └.../
- │
- └.../
现在要实现的权限:
1、用户manager可以读写manager、groupA、groupB目录及它们的的子目录。
2、manA1可以读写A1目录,并且可以读写groupB的所有子目录。
3、manA2可以读写A2目录,并且可以读写groupB的所有子目录。
4、manB1可以读写B1目录。
5、manB2可以读写B2目录。
6、如果一个用户没有某个目录的访问权限,那么该用户就不能看到此目录。
7、只允许manger用户和groupA、groupB组成员访问FTP服务器。
8、不允许任何人破坏主干目录结构
2、实现
(1)添加用户和组
useradd manager
passwd manager
groupadd groupA
groupadd groupB
useradd manA1
passwd manA1
usermod -G groupA manA1
useradd manA2
passwd manA2
usermod -G groupA manA2
useradd manB1
passwd manB1
usermod -G groupB manB1
useradd manB2
passwd manB2
usermod -G groupB manB2
#p#
(2)配置文件
- # This is a basic ProFTPD configuration file (rename it to
- # 'proftpd.conf' for actual use. It establishes a single server
- # and a single anonymous login. It assumes that you have a user/group
- # "nobody" and "ftp" for normal operation and anon.
ServerName "Formax BPO FTP Server"
ServerType standalone
DefaultServer on
# Port 21 is the standard FTP port.
Port 21
UseReverseDNS off
IdentLookups off# Umask 022 is a good standard umask to prevent new dirs and files
# from being group and world writable.
Umask 000
- # To prevent DoS attacks, set the maximum number of child processes
- # to 30. If you need to allow more than 30 concurrent connections
- # at once, simply increase this value. Note that this ONLY works
- # in standalone mode, in inetd mode you should use an inetd server
- # that allows you to limit maximum number of processes per service
- # (such as xinetd).
MaxInstances 30
# Set the user and group under which the server will run.
User nobody
Group nogroup
- # To cause every FTP user to be "jailed" (chrooted) into their home
- # directory, uncomment this line.
- # DefaultRoot ~
DefaultRoot /ftproot
# Normally, we want files to be overwriteable.
AllowOverwrite on
AllowStoreRestart on
ServerIdent off
TLSEngine on
TLSLog /var/ftpd/tls.log
TLSProtocol SSLv23
# Are clients required to use FTP over TLS when talking to this server?
TLSRequired on
# Server's certificate
TLSRSACertificateFile /etc/proftpd.cert
TLSRSACertificateKeyFile /etc/proftpd.key
# CA the server trusts
TLSCACertificateFile /etc/proftpd.cert
# Authenticate clients that want to use FTP over TLS?
TLSVerifyClient off
TLSOptions NoCertRequest
- # Allow SSL/TLS renegotiations when the client requests them, but
- # do not force the renegotations. Some clients do not support
- # SSL/TLS renegotiations; when mod_tls forces a renegotiation, these
- # clients will close the data connection, or there will be a timeout
- # on an idle data connection.
TLSRenegotiate required off
# Bar use of SITE CHMOD by default
通过阅读全文,我们知道了Proftpd权限的设置原理,希望对大家有所帮助!
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