对于AIX大家应该有所了解。那么现在我们主要讲解一下NFS服务器的大家,那么我们的平台则是AIX 5L。那么具体的在AIX 5L上配置NFS Server/Client的过程我们就来详细介绍一下。
一、配置AIX 5L NFS Server
首先需要启动NFS Server,可以通过smit nfs–> Network File System (NFS) –>Configure NFS on This System启动或者停止nfs服务组。
可以通过lssrc -g nfs查看nfs的服务情况
- #lssrc -g nfs
- Subsystem Group PID Status
- biod nfs 712706 active
- nfsd nfs 635260 active
- rpc.mountd nfs 462932 active
- rpc.lockd nfs 639418 active
- rpc.statd nfs 757914 active
- nfsrgyd nfs inoperative
- gssd nfs inoperative
当然,以上也可以通过startsrc -g nfs与stopsrc -g nfs启动与停止该服务组子系统。每当系统启动时,/etc/rc.nfs运行exportfs命令来读取服务器上的/etc/exports文件,然后告诉内核要导出哪些目录与对应的权限。然后rpc.mountd和以上守护进程由/etc/rc.nfs启动。
/etc/exports指定了AIX 5L nfs server要导出的目录与权限,该文件内容如下,如
- #more /etc/exports
- /u01/logs -sec=sys:krb5p:krb5i:krb5:dh:none,rw,access=host_name
注意:这里的access一定要写机器名,其机器名对应的ip在/etc/hosts中体现出来
用exportfs可以导出该目录,如:
- #/usr/sbin/exportfs -a
- #/usr/sbin/exportfs
- /u01/logs -sec=sys:krb5p:krb5i:krb5:dh:none,rw,access=host_name
关于更多的exportfs的用法,可以查看相关帮助,另外,/etc/xtab则与/ext/exports有一样的格式,运行exportfs的时候,/etc/xtab将被更新,这样可以临时导出一个目录而不更新exports文件。
关于/etc/exports的更新,也可以用smit nfs–>Network File System (NFS) –>Add a Directory to Exports List或者是Change / Show Attributes of an Exported Directory来实现,如
- #smit chnfsexp
- * Pathname of directory to export /u01/logs
- Anonymous UID [-2]
- Public filesystem? [no]
- * Change export now, system restart or both both
- Pathname of alternate exports file []
- Allow access by NFS versions []
- External name of directory (NFS V4 access only) []
- Referral locations (NFS V4 access only) []
- Replica locations []
- Ensure primary hostname in replica list yes
- Allow delegations? []
- Security method [sys,krb5p,krb5i,krb5,dh,none]
- Mode to export directory [read-write]
- Hostname list. If exported read-mostly []
- Hosts & netgroups allowed client access [host_name1,host_name2]
- Hosts allowed root access []
验证服务器中上的 /etc/exports 文件是否列出客户机要安装的文件系统名称以及该文件系统是否已导出。输入以下命令进行操作:
- #showmount -e server_name
该命令在AIX 5L NFS Server/client上都可以正常运行,列出了由 server_name 当前导出的所有文件系统。 #p#
二、配置AIX 5L NFS Client
nfs的client配置比较简单,需要portmap服务正常即可。
- #lssrc -s portmap
- Subsystem Group PID Status
- portmap portmap 225506 active
关于mount的信息,是写在/etc/filesystems中的,如
- #more /etc/filesystems
- ......
- /mydisk:
- dev = "/disk1"
- vfs = nfs
- nodename = dbbak
- mount = false
- type = nfs3
- options = soft,intr,retry=2,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,timeo=300,proto=tcp
- account = false
- ......
其中nodename指定了服务器的名字,其对应的ip在/etc/hosts中体现,dev指定了服务器的export出来的目录。
关于更多的options的设置,可以查阅更多的nfs的文档。
其详细信息,也可以在smit中获得,如smit nfs–>Network File System (NFS) –>Add a File System for Mounting或者是Change / Show Attributes of an NFS File System。如
- #smit chnfsmnt
- * PATHNAME of mount point /mydisk
- * PATHNAME of Remote Directory [/disk1]
- * HOST where remote directory resides [dbbak]
- Mount type NAME [nfs3]
- * Use SECURE mount option? no
- * Remount file system now, both
- update /etc/filesystems or both?
- * /etc/filesystems entry will mount the directory no
- on system RESTART.
- * MODE for this NFS file system read-write
- * ATTEMPT mount in background or foreground? foreground
- NUMBER of times to attempt mount [2]
- Buffer SIZE for read [32768]
- Buffer SIZE for writes [32768]
- NFS TIMEOUT. In tenths of a second [300]
- NFS version for this NFS file system any
- Transport protocol to use tcp
- Internet port NUMBER for server []
- * Allow execution of SUID and sgid programs yes
- in this file system?
- * Allow DEVICE access via this mount? yes
- * Server supports long DEVICE NUMBERS? yes
- * Mount file system soft or hard soft
验证 mountd、portmap 和 nfsd 守护程序正在 NFS 服务器上运行,请在客户机 shell 提示符下输入以下命令:
- #/usr/bin/rpcinfo -u server_name mount
- #/usr/bin/rpcinfo -u server_name portmap
- #/usr/bin/rpcinfo -u server_name nfs
如果守护程序在服务器运行,会返回以下响应:
- program 100005 version 1 ready and waiting
- program 100000 version 2 ready and waiting
- program 100003 version 2 ready and waiting
程序号分别与命令对应,如前例中所示。如果没有返回类似的响应,请在服务器控制台上登录服务器并按照获取 NFS 守护程序的当前状态中的指示信息检查守护程序的状态。
- #showmount -e server_name
该命令列出了由 server_name 当前导出的所有文件系统。
注意:如果在AIX上mount linux的nfs文件系统,可能需要特殊执行:
- #nfso -o nfs_use_reserved_ports=1