在实际的操作中你对Oracle中设置访问N个SQL Server数据库的实际操作是否满头雾水?如果我们要在Oracle同时访问N个SQL Server中默认的pubs与Northwind两个数据库。那么我们应该如何操作呢?
1、在安装了Oracle9i Standard Edition或者Oracle9i Enterprise Edition的windows机器上(IP:192.168.0.2), 产品要选了透明网关(Oracle Transparent Gateway)里访问Microsoft SQL Server据库
ORACLE9I_HOMEtg4msqladmin下新写initpubs.ora和initnorthwind.ora配置文件.initpubs.ora内容如下:
- HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO="SERVER=SQLSERVER_HOSTNMAE; DATABASE=pubs"
- HS_DB_NAME=pubsHS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF
- HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER
- HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER
initnorthwind.ora内容如下:
- HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO="SERVER=sqlserver_hostname; DATABASE=Northwind"
- HS_DB_NAME=Northwind
- HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF
- HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER
- HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER
- $ORACLE9I_HOMEnetworkadmin 下listener.ora
内容如下:
- LISTENER =
- (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
- (DESCRIPTION =
- (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)
(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))- )
- )
- )
- SID_LIST_LISTENER =
- (SID_LIST =
- (SID_DESC =
- (GLOBAL_DBNAME = test9)
- (ORACLE_HOME = d:oracleora92)
- (SID_NAME = test9)
- )
- (SID_DESC=
- (SID_NAME=pubs)
- (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92)
- (PROGRAM=tg4msql)
- )
- (SID_DESC=
- (SID_NAME=northwind)
- (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92)
- (PROGRAM=tg4msql)
- )
- )
重启动这台做gateway的Windows机器上(IP:192.168.0.2)TNSListener服务(凡是按此步骤新增可访问的SQL Server数据库时,TNSListener服务都要重启动)。
2、Oracle8i,Oracle9i的服务器端配置tnsnames.ora, 添加下面的内容:
- pubs =
- (DESCRIPTION =
- (ADDRESS_LIST =
- (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))
- )
- (CONNECT_DATA =
- (SID = pubs)
- )
- (HS = pubs)
- )
- northwind =
- (DESCRIPTION =
- (ADDRESS_LIST =
- (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))
- )
- (CONNECT_DATA =
- (SID = northwind)
- )
- (HS = northwind) )
保存tnsnames.ora后,在命令行下
- tnsping pubs
- tnsping northwind
出现类似提示,即为成功:
- Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST =
- (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)
- (PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = pubs)) (HS = pubs))
- OK(20毫秒)
- Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST =
- (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)
- (PORT = 1521)))
- (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = northwind)) (HS = northwind))OK(20毫秒)
Oracle同时访问中设置数据库参数global_names=false。设置global_names=false不要求建立的数据库链接和目的数据库的全局名称一致。global_names=true则要求, 多少有些不方便。 oracle9i和oracle8i都可以在DBA用户下用SQL命令改变global_names参数
- alter system set global_names=false;
建立公有的数据库链接:
- create public database link pubs
- connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'pubs';
- create public database link northwind
- connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'northwind';
(假设SQL Server下pubs和northwind已有足够权限的用户登陆testuser,密码为testuser_pwd) 访问SQL Server下数据库里的数据:
- select * from stores@pubs;
- ...... ......select *
- from region@northwind;
3、使用时的注意事项
ORACLE通过访问SQL Server的数据库链接时,用select * 的时候字段名是用双引号引起来的。例如:
- create table stores as select * from stores@pubs;
- select zip from stores;
ERROR 位于第 1 行:ORA-00904: 无效列名
- select "zip" from stores;
- zip
- -----
- 98056
- 92789
- 96745
- 98014
- 90019
- 89076
已选择6行,用SQL Navigator或Toad看从SQL Server转移到ORACLE里的表的建表语句为:
- CREATE TABLE stores
- ("stor_id" CHAR(4) NOT NULL,
- "stor_name" VARCHAR2(40),
- "stor_address" VARCHAR2(40),
- "city" VARCHAR2(20),
- "state" CHAR(2),
- "zip" CHAR(5))
- PCTFREE 10
- PCTUSED 40
- INITRANS 1
- MAXTRANS 255
- TABLESPACE users
- STORAGE (
- INITIAL 131072
- NEXT 131072
- PCTINCREASE 0
- MINEXTENTS 1
- MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
- )
总结:
Windows下Oracle9i网关服务器在$Oracle9i_HOMEtg4msqladmin目录下的initsqlserver_databaseid.ora。Windows下Oracle9i网关服务器listener.ora里面:
- (SID_DESC=
- (SID_NAME=sqlserver_databaseid)
- (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92)
- (PROGRAM=tg4msql)
- )
上述的相关内容就是对使Oracle同时访问多个SQL Server的描述,希望会给你带来一些帮助在此方面。