xx对于电脑使用的玩家的常用软件，然后我就学习及深入的研究xx，在这里和大家一起探讨xx的使用方法，希望对大家有用。用MRTG监测Linux系统CPU温度
在Linux下有个叫CentOS sensors的软件可以帮助我们来监控主板，CPU的工作电压，风扇转速、温度等数据。这些数据我们通常在主板的 BIOS也可以看到。当我们可以在机器运行的时候通过CentOS sensors随时来监测着CPU的温度变化，可以预防呵保护因为CPU过热而会烧掉。
1. 安装CentOS sensors现在基本上每个Linux都已经有CentOS sensors包了，我们主要安装了就可以了。或者我们也可以通过源文件来自己编译。1)在FC，RH， CENTOS下，用rpm：[root@securitycn ~]# rpm -ivh lm_sensors-2.10.0-3.1.i386.rpm3)编译源文件安装我们可以通过:这里下载源文件这里我们要注意的问题是要先安装libsysfs库，是Sysfsutils，Sysfsutils－devel软件
- tar xzvf lm-sensors-xxx.tar.gz
- make user
- make user_install testing
下面我们就用一些简单的命令来利用CentOS sensors来得到CPU的数据。我们要用root的身份来：sensors-detect，然后它会自动搜索主板上的chipset和相应的driver,我们全部答YES就可以了[root@securitycn ~]# sensors-detect
- # sensors-detect revision 1.413 (2006/01/19 20:28:00)
- This program will help you determine which I2C/SMBus modules you need to
- load to use lm_sensors most effectively. You need to have i2c and
- lm_sensors installed before running this program.
- Also, you need to be `root', or at least have access to the /dev/i2c-*
- files, for most things.
- If you have patched your kernel and have some drivers built in, you can
- safely answer NO if asked to load some modules. In this case, things may
- seem a bit confusing, but they will still work.
- It is generally safe and recommended to accept the default answers to all
- questions, unless you know what you're doing.
- We can start with probing for (PCI) I2C or SMBus adapters.
- You do not need any special privileges for this.
- Do you want to probe now? (YES/no):
全部默认YES即可。然后我们启动CentOS sensors：
- /etc/init.d/lm_sensors start
- Starting lm_sensors: [ OK ]
我们可以通过lsmod来确定我们需要的driver已经加载了没有
- lsmod | grep i2c
- i2c_isa 9153 2 w83627hf,w83781d
- i2c_i801 11341 0
- i2c_dev 12613 0
- i2c_ec 9025 1 sbs
- i2c_core 23745 6 w83627hf,w83781d,i2c_isa,i2c_i801,i2c_dev,i2c_ec
然后我们用CentOS sensors的命令就可以了：
- [root@securitycn ~]# sensors
- w83627hf-isa-0290
- Adapter: ISA adapter
- VCore 1: +3.33 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
- VCore 2: +3.36 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +0.00 V) ALARM
- +3.3V: +0.93 V (min = +3.14 V, max = +3.46 V) ALARM
- +5V: +5.11 V (min = +4.73 V, max = +5.24 V)
- +12V: +4.56 V (min = +10.82 V, max = +13.19 V) ALARM
- -12V: -7.10 V (min = -13.18 V, max = -10.88 V) ALARM
- -5V: -1.93 V (min = -5.25 V, max = -4.75 V) ALARM
- V5SB: +5.51 V (min = +4.73 V, max = +5.24 V) ALARM
- VBat: +0.02 V (min = +2.40 V, max = +3.60 V) ALARM
- fan1: 0 RPM (min = 2732 RPM, div = 2) ALARM
- fan2: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 2)
- fan3: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 2)
- temp1: +38癈 (high = +50癈, hyst = +45癈) sensor = thermistor
- temp2: +33.5癈 (high = +80癈, hyst = +75癈) sensor = thermistor
- temp3: +33.5癈 (high = +80癈, hyst = +75癈) sensor = thermistor
- vid: +0.000 V (VRM Version 10.0)
- alarms:
- beep_enable:
- Sound alarm enabled
这里我们可以看到温度还没有相对应CPU，我们主要稍微修改一下/etc/sensors.conf就可以了，不过其实都不用我们自己去动手，一般我们都可以从主板生产商那里下载到配置文件。通过CentOS sensors我们就可以得到主板温度，CPU电压，风扇转速这些信息。我们可以根据这些数据来监察系统的运行情况来预防系统的问题。
接下来让它和MRTG整合在一起吧
- [root@securitycn ~]# cd /usr/local/mrtg/bin
- [root@securitycn ~]# vi temp.sh
- #内容如下
- #!/bin/bash
- cputemp=`/usr/bin/sensors | grep temp1 |awk '{print $2}'|cut -c 2-4` #这句是说找出有temp1那一行,印出第二个列的2-4个字
- systemp =`/usr/bin/sensors | grep temp2 |awk '{print $2}'|cut -c 2-5` 不用解释了吧
- echo $cputemp
- echo $systemp
- # the uptime
- uptime | sed 's:^.* up \(.*\), [0-9][0-9]* users.*$:\1:'
- # my name
- uname -n
- [root@securitycn ~]# chmod +x temp.sh 改成可执行
- [root@securitycn ~]# ./temp.sh 试试看有没有问题
- 39
- 33.5
- 15:36:19 up 22:28, 1 user, load average: 0.04, 0.09, 0.04
- securitycn
CentOS sensors再来写下面的文件
- [root@securitycn ~]# cd ../etc/
- [root@securitycn ~]# vi temp.cfg
- WorkDir: /data1/usr/apache/htdocs/mrtg/temp/
- Target[index]: `/usr/local/mrtg/bin/temp.sh`
- MaxBytes[index]:80
- Options[index]: gauge, nopercent, growright
- YLegend[index]: Temp (度)
- ShortLegend[index]: 度
- LegendO[index]: 系统温度;
- LegendI[index]: CPU温度;
- Title[index]: 系统温度表
- PageTop[index]: <H1>主机温度表</H1>
[root@securitycn ~]# /usr/local/mrtg/bin/mrtg /usr/local/mrtg/etc/temp.cfg执行3次就不报错了然后加入到crontab里面*/5 * * * * /usr/local/mrtg/bin/mrtg /usr/local/mrtg/etc/temp.cfgPageTop[index]: <H1>主机温度表
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