CentOS yum更新了很多版本更新,我本人认为CentOS yum很好使的文件系统,在此向大家推荐CentOS应该是做为服务器的linux的佼佼者。CentOS采用的二进制包是rpm,不过包的依赖性解决有时候却是个问题。
我比较喜欢debian的apt,非常方便。以前以为RedHat linux没这么方便,后来发现CentOS yum是个不错的东西。CentOS yum的使用和apt有几分相似,这样一来对于许多包的安装就方便多了。
这篇文章主要讲两点内容,一是CentOS yum使用方法的整理;二是找一个比较快的国内的源,这样一来,CentOS yum的大体使用过程就解决了。
- 1.yum的使用:
- 1)包的更新
- 1.1)检查可更新包: yum check-update
- 1.2)更新所有包: yum update
- 1.3)更新指定包: yum update package_name
- 1.4)版本升级: yum upgrade
- 2)包安装与删除
- 2.1)yum install package_name
- 2.2)yum remove package_name
- 3)包搜索
- 3.1)搜索特定包: yum search package_name
- 3.2)搜索包含特定文件名的包:yum provides name
- 4)包列表
- 4.1)列出所有安装或更新的包: yum list
- 4.2)列出指定包:yum list name
- 4.3)列出可更新包:yum list updates
- 4.4)列出已安装包:yum list installed
- 4.5)列出已安装但不包含在资源库中的包:yum list extras
CentOS yum源设定
- 2.1)加快yum下载速度: yum -y install yum-fastestmirror,在CentOs 4上名字叫做yum-plugin-fastestmirror
- 2.2)yum源文件:/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
- 2.3)CentOS 5的yum源设为上海交通大学网站
- CentOS-Base.repo
- [base]
- name=CentOS-5 - Base
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever5&arch=$basearch&
- repo=os
- #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
- baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
- #released updates
- [update]
- name=CentOS-5 - Updates
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
- baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/updates/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
- #packages used/produced in the build but not released
- [addons]
- name=CentOS-5 - Addons
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
- baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/addons/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
- #additional packages that may be useful
- [extras]
- name=CentOS-5 - Extras
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
- baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/extras/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
- #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
- [centosplus]
- name=CentOS-5 - Plus
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
- baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/centosplus/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
- #contrib - packages by Centos Users
- [contrib]
- name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
- baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/contrib/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
a.执行64位:rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-532位:rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5b.执行 yum update.2.4)设置CentOS yum源为国内服务器
- # CentOS-Base.repo
- #
- # This file uses a new mirrorlist system developed by Lance Davis for CentOS.
- # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
- # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
- # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
- # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
- #
- # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
- # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
- #
- [base]
- name=CentOS-5 - Base
- baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/os/i386/
- gpgcheck=1
- #released updates
- [update]
- name=CentOS-5 - Updates
- baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/updates/i386/
- gpgcheck=1
- #packages used/produced in the build but not released
- [addons]
- name=CentOS-5 - Addons
- baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/addons/i386/
- gpgcheck=1
- #additional packages that may be useful
- [extras]
- name=CentOS-5 - Extras
- baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/extras/i386/
- gpgcheck=1
- #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
- [centosplus]
- name=CentOS-5 - Plus
- baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/centosplus/i386/
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- #contrib - packages by Centos Users
- [contrib]
- name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
- baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/contrib/i386/
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- #packages in testing
- [testing]
- name=CentOS-5 - Testing
- baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/testing/i386/
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
a.执行:rpm --import http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
3.这一篇文章只是就yum的基本使用进行整理,尚有许多未涉及到的地方。不过基本的使用已经足够。
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