想知道到Linux MySQL系统的真相么,想知道Linux MySQL系统中藏有的内在奥义么,只有我来给大家全面讲解介绍Linux MySQL系统差不多在一年前,写过一篇文章介绍将Linux MySQL数据映射到Memcached,当时Linux MySQL和Memcached Functions for MySQL都还不够成熟,时过一年,Memcached Functions for MySQL升级到了0.8版本,而MySQL也发布了GA版本,加上很多朋友反应前一篇文章中的实现他们因种种原因没能成功,于是便有了这篇文章,就当是上一篇文章的升级版本吧。
测试环境在Linux MySQL下进行,版本系统为CentOS5.以下为相关软件,包括其版本和下载地址:
- mysql-5.1.30 下载
- memcached-1.2.6 下载
- libevent-1.4.7-stable 下载
- memcached_functions_mysql-0.8 下载
- libmemcached-0.26 下载
编译安装Linux MySQL,安装因个人细好而定,省略许多与测试无关的编译细节及参数。
- [root@localhost ~]#tar xzf mysql-5.1.30.tar_001.gz
- [root@localhost ~]#cd mysql-5.1.30
- [root@localhost ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql51
- [root@localhost ~]#make
- [root@localhost ~]#make install
- [root@localhost ~]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --skip-name-resolve
- [root@localhost ~]#/usr/local/mysql51/bin/mysqld_safe
省略列出安装memcached和libevent的相关命令,具体可按照实际情况安装,测试时我将libevent默认安装,memcached安装于/usr/local/memcached目录下。
启动memcached.
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 50 -u root -p 11211编译安装libmemcache.
- [root@localhost ~]#tar xzf libmemcached-0.26.tar.gz
- [root@localhost ~]#cd libmemcached-0.26
- [root@localhost ~]#./configure --with-memcached=/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached
- [root@localhost ~]# make && make install
编译安装Memcache UDFs for MySQL.
- [root@localhost ~]# tar xzf memcached_functions_mysql-0.8.tar.gz
- [root@localhost ~]# cd memcached_functions_mysql-0.8
- [root@localhost ~]# ./configure --with-mysql-config=/usr/local/mysql51/bin/mysql_config
- [root@localhost ~]# make && make install
编译完成后将编译好的库文件复制到mysql的插件目录下,以便于加载使用。cp /usr/local/lib/libmemcached_functions_mysql* /usr/local/mysql51/lib/mysql/plugin/进入memcached_functions_mysql的源码目录,在目录下有相关添加UDF的SQL文件用于初始化。[root@localhost ~]# mysql <sql/install_functions.sql注:如果对这些UDFs不熟悉或者不懂,可进行源码目录参看README,里边有相应的说明。
至此,相关软件的编译和安装完成,进行测试,我们要达到的目的是当MySQL有新记录插入时,同时插入到Memcached中,当记录更新时同步更新Memcached中的记录,删除时同时也删除Memcached相关的记录,为此创建三个触发器来实现,如果对MySQL的触发程序不熟悉可以参考MySQL手册第21章,下面SQL中的memcached为需要操作的表名,SQL如下:
- #插入数据时插入Memcached
- create trigger mysqlmmci after insert on memcached for each row set @tmp = memc_set(NEW.key, NEW.value);
- #更新记录时更新Memcached
- create trigger mysqlmmcu after update on memcached for each row set @tmp = memc_set(NEW.key, NEW.value);
- #删除记录时删除Memcached相应的记录
- create trigger mysqlmmcd before delete on memcached for each row set @tmp = memc_delete(OLD.key);
以下为测试记录,在对Linux MySQL操作的同时操作Memcached来查看情况,当然你也可以在启动Memcached的时候带-vv参数来查看相关信息.
Linux MySQL操作相关的记录:
- [root@localhost ~]#mysql -S /tmp/mysql51.sock
- Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
- Your MySQL connection id is 6
- Server version: 5.1.30 Source distribution
- Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
- mysql> use test;
- Database changed
- mysql> create table `memcached` (`key` varchar(10), `value` varchar(100));
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- mysql> create trigger mysqlmmci after insert on memcached for each row set @tmp = memc_set(NEW.key, NEW.value);
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- mysql> create trigger mysqlmmcu after update on memcached for each row set @tmp = memc_set(NEW.key, NEW.value);
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- mysql> create trigger mysqlmmcd before delete on memcached for each row set @tmp = memc_delete(OLD.key);
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- mysql> insert into memcached values("keyi", "valuei"),("keyu","valueu"),("keyd", "valued");
- Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
- mysql> update memcached set `value`="update" where `key`="keyu";
- Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
- Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
- mysql> delete from memcached where `key`="keyd";
- Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
- mysql> quit
- Bye
- Memcache查看时的记录:
- [root@localhost ~]#telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
- Trying 127.0.0.1...
- Connected to 127.0.0.1.
- Escape character is '^]'.
- get keyi
- VALUE keyi 0 6
- valuei
- END
- get keyu
- VALUE keyu 0 6
- valueu
- END
- get keyd
- VALUE keyd 0 6
- valued
- END
- get keyu
- VALUE keyu 0 6
- update
- END
- get keyd
- END
- quit
- Connection closed by foreign host.
至此,我们基本实现的将Linux MySQL的数据同步到Memcached中,性能暂时还没有测试,当然上面只是简单的实现的数据映射的功能,如果在实现的生产环境中,则需要考虑名字空间,高可靠性的问题,这些都是可以通过数据库名-表名-关键字的方面能达到KEY***的目的,而高可靠性则是一个比较大的问题。
【编辑推荐】