在向大家详细介绍Linux Nginx之前，首先让大家了解下Linux Nginx，然后全面介绍Linux Nginx，希望对大家有用。利用Linux Nginx架设高性能的Web环境 Linux Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。 Linux Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler.ru 站点开发的，它已经在该站点运行超过两年半了。Igor 将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布。
Linux Nginx 超越 Apache 的高性能和稳定性，使得国内使用Linux Nginx作为 Web 服务器的网站也越来越多，其中包括新浪博客、新浪播客、网易新闻等门户网站频道，六间房、56.com等视频分享网站，Discuz!官方论坛、水木社区等知名论坛，豆瓣、YUPOO相册、海内SNS、迅雷在线等新兴Web 2.0网站。
实验环境Centos4.5
- pcre-7.8.tar.gz 正则表达式下载地址：ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/
- nginx-0.7.26.tar下载地址：http://www.nginx.net/
- php-5.2.6.tar.bz2下载地址：http://www.php.net/releases/
- php-5.2.6-fpm-0.5.9.diff.gz
- php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi下载地址：http://php-fpm.anight.org/
- 注：PHP的版本要和fpm的版本一致mysql-5.0.67.tar.gz
- Discuz!_6.0.0_SC_UTF8.zip
1、安装pcre
- # tar -zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz
- # cd pcre-7.8
- # ./configure
- # make && make install
2、安装Linux Nginx
- # tar -zxvf nginx-0.7.26.tar.gz
- # cd nginx-0.7.26
- # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
- # make && make install
- 启动nginx# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
- 停止nginx# kill -QUIT `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
- 重启nginxkill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
- 添加到自启动# echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx">>/etc/rc.local
3、安装mysql
- # tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.67.tar.gz
- # cd mysql-5.0.67
- # groupadd mysql
- # useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
- # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=gbk --with-extra-charset=all --enable-hread-safe-client
--enable-local-infile --with-low-memory- # make && make install
- # cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
- # chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
- # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
- # chown -R root.root /usr/local/mysql/
- # chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/var/
启动数据库服务，并添加到自启动
- # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
- #cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
- #chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
加入自动启动服务队列：
- #chkconfig --add mysqld
- #chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on添加root密码
- # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "123456"
- 测试一下：# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p输入密码：123456，看能不能进入到数据库
配置库文件搜索路径
- # echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql">>/etc/ld.so.conf
- # ldconfig
- # ldconfig -v
- 添加/usr/local/mysql/bin到环境变量PATH中
- #echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin">>/etc/profile
- #source /etc/profile
4、安装PHP
这里产生的是可执行文件，和apache的不一样，和apache结合的时候产生的是动态库
- # tar -jxvf php-5.2.6.tar.bz2
- # gzip -cd php-5.2.6-fpm-0.5.9.diff.gz |patch -d php-5.2.6 -p1
- # cd php-5.2.6
- # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm
- --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-force-cgi-redirect
- # make && make install
- # cp php.ini-recommended /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
- # vi /usr/local/php/php-fpm.conf
- (1)<value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>修改为<value name="listen_address">IP:9000</value>
//本机就用默认的127.0.0.1- (2)下面这两行去掉注释并修改
- <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>
- <value name="display_errors">1</value>
- (3)<value name="user">nobody</value> //去注释
- (4)<value name="group">nobody</value> //去注释
- (5)<value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value> //允许连接的PC，本机就用127.0.0.1
启动php-fpm# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start添加到自启动# echo "/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start">>/etc/rc.local
5、修改Linux Nginx的配置文件，支持PHP
- # vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
- user nobody;
- worker_processes 8;
- pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
- worker_rlimit_nofile 1024;
- events
- {use epoll;
- worker_connections 1024;}
- http{
- include mime.types;
- default_type application/octet-stream;
- server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
- client_header_buffer_size 32k;
- large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
- client_max_body_size 8m;
- sendfile on;
- tcp_nopush on;
- keepalive_timeout 60;
- tcp_nodelay on;
- fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
- fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
- fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
- fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
- fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
- fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
- fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
- gzip on;
- gzip_min_length 1k;
- gzip_buffers 4 16k;
- gzip_http_version 1.0;
- gzip_comp_level 2;
- gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
- gzip_vary on;
- server {
- listen 80;
- server_name www.bbb.com;
- root /var/www/blog;
- index index.html index.htm index.php;
- location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
- root html;
- fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
- fastcgi_index index.php;
- fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/blog$fastcgi_script_name;
- include fastcgi_params;}
- location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
- {expires 30d;}
- location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
- {expires 1h;}
- log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
- '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
- '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
- access_log /var/logs/access.log access;}}
注：server部分为PHP虚拟主机127.0.0.1：9000为fastcgi的PC，我这里用的本机/var/www/blog$fastcgi_script_name; 为PHP网页保存的目录测试配置文件：
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
6、优化Linux内核参数
- # vi /etc/sysctl.conf
- 在末尾增加以下内容：
- net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
- net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
- net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
- net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
- net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
- net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000
使配置立即生效：# /sbin/sysctl -p。
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