在向大家详细介绍Ubuntu软件源之前,首先让大家了解下buntu软件包,然后全面介绍Ubuntu软件源 ,希望对大家有用。Ubuntu 是一个完全以 Linux 为基础的操作系统, 可自由的获得,并提供社区和专业的支持。
Ubuntu软件源
对于Ubuntu的在线更新设计,相信您一定觉得十分方便,因为这可以提高系统安装的速度,并节省下载安装CD/DVD的大量时间(目前的Linux 发行版安装都需要多张CD或DVD,对于上网带宽不足的用户,这常会造成下载的困难)。
不知您是否想过,这些Ubuntu软件到底存放在哪里?是否可以指定下载的位置?解决此类问题,就必须提及Ubuntu使用的“Ubuntu软件源”(Software Repositories)。在Ubuntu中所谓的“Ubuntu软件源”,是指在世界上许多服务器上放置的Ubuntu软件数据库。就目前而言,Ubuntu软件源中大概有17 000个不同的Ubuntu软件包。由于Ubuntu软件源是开放给所有的Ubuntu用户进行更新,所以只要在Ubuntu软件源中定期上传***版本的Ubuntu软件,便可确保所有用户都用到***发布的Ubuntu软件包。
默认Ubuntu软件源
Ubuntu安装时,系统会根据选择的时区来指定默认的Ubuntu软件源,以加快用户下载更新时的速度。例如,在安装时,如果选择的时区为上海,则系统就会指定使用中国的UbuntuUbuntu软件源。如果希望了解目前系统所用的Ubuntu软件源列表,首先需要打开/etc/apt/sources.list文件。下面的范例是笔者目前的计算机设置,其中会列出不同用途的Ubuntu软件源网址:
Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
distribution.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy-updates main restricted multiverse universe
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'universe'
repository.
N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security
team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy universe
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy universe
Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
repository.
N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted multiverse universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy-security universe
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu dapper-commercial main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu-cn dapper main universe multiverse restricted
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy-proposed universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy-proposed universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy-backports universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ edgy-backports universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://static.audacious-media-player.org/ubuntu dapper main
deb-src http://static.audacious-media-player.org/ubuntu dapper main
更改Ubuntu软件源
不过有时若遇到某些突发状况,例如因为地震而引起的国际电缆线断裂,或到国外出差或旅行,此时如果仍尝试连接默认的Ubuntu软件源,可能会引起Ubuntu软件更新的失败。因此需视实际情况来更改Ubuntu软件源的位置,当然,可以直接编辑/etc/apt/sources.list文件的内容,不过为了避免使用错误的语法,以及不正确的Ubuntu软件源地址,因此一般都建议使用图形界面的Ubuntu软件源设置程序——synaptic。
【编辑推荐】