在向大家详细介绍Linq使用Select之前,首先让大家了解下Linq To Sql查询数据库,然后全面介绍Linq使用Select。
下面通过一些例子来说明怎样Linq使用Select,参考自:LINQ Samples
1. 可以对查询出来的结果做一些转换,下面的例子在数组中查找以"B"开头的名字,然后全部转成小写输出:
- string[] names = { "Jack", "Bob", "Bill", "Catty", "Willam" };
- var rs = from n in names
- where n.StartsWith("B")
- select n.ToLower();
- foreach (var r in rs)
- Console.WriteLine(r);
2. 返回匿名类型,比如Linq To Sql查询数据库的时候只返回需要的信息,下面的例子是在Northwind数据库中查询Customer表,返回所有名字以"B"开头的客户的ID和名称:
- NorthwindDataContext dc = new NorthwindDataContext();
- var cs = from c in dc.Customers
- where c.ContactName.StartsWith("B")
- select new
- {
- CustomerID = c.CustomerID,
- CustomerName = c.ContactTitle + " " + c.ContactName
- };
- foreach (var c in cs)
- Console.WriteLine(c);
3. 对于数组,select可以对数组元素以及索引进行操作:
- string[] names = { "Jack", "Bob", "Bill", "Catty", "Willam" };
- var rs = names.Select((name, index) => new { Name = name, Index = index });
- foreach (var r in rs)
- Console.WriteLine(r);
4. 组合查询,可以对多个数据源进行组合条件查询(相当于Linq使用SelectMany函数),下面的例子其实就相对于一个双重循环遍历:
- int[] numbersA = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 };
- int[] numbersB = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 };
- var pairs =
- from a in numbersA,
- b in numbersB
- where a < b
- select new {a, b};
- Console.WriteLine("Pairs where a < b:");
- foreach (var pair in pairs)
- Console.WriteLine("{0} is less than {1}", pair.a, pair.b);
而用Linq To Sql的话,相当于进行一次子查询:
- NorthwindDataContext dc = new NorthwindDataContext();
- var rs = from c in dc.Customers
- from o in c.Orders
- where o.ShipCity.StartsWith("B")
- select new { CustomerName = c.ContactName, OrderID = o.OrderID };
- foreach (var r in rs)
- Console.WriteLine(r);
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