C#接口编程实例向你讲述了事件与接口的联合应用很多初学C#的朋友对于事件与接口感到迷惑不解,不明白它们之间的关系,下面我就用实例来简单的分析讲解一下。
C#接口编程实例问题的解决之前我们来看看事件的创建过程,用event修饰符来代表一个事件,我们要创建一个C#事件必须按以下顺序来扫行:
C#接口编程实例1,创建或标识一个代表。
比如下例中的
- public delegate void dele();
- //声明代表,delegate 关键字通知编译器dele是一个委托类型
C#接口编程实例2,创建一个包含事件处理代表,调用事件处理代表的方法的类
- public class EventClass1 : IEvents
- //IEvents,是下面我们要讲一接口
- {
- public event dele event1;//定义事件成员event1
- public void FireEvent() //当事件发生时
- {
- event1(); //调用事件处理
- }
- }
EventClass1继承接口IEvents,以下后面的EventClass2~4,都是一样。
C#接口编程实例3,定义一个或多个把方法连接到事件的类
C#接口编程实例4,使用事件
4.1 定义事件响应方法,如下例中的
IEvents id1 = new EventClass1();
4.2 使用所定义的构造函数创建一个包含事件的对象,如下例中的
id1.event1 += new dele(EventFired1);
4.3 触发事件,如下例中的
id1.FireEvent();
下面我们来看看接口,我们必须用interface来声明一个接口。接口声明可以声明零个或多个成员。接口的成员必须是方法、属性、事件或索引器。接口不能包含常数、字段、运算符、实例构造函数、析构函数或类型,也不能包含任何种类的静态成员。
所有接口成员都隐式地具有 public 访问权限。接口成员声明包含任何修饰符属于编译时错误。具体地说,接口成员包含下列任何修饰符属于编译时错误:abstract、public、protected、internal、private、virtual、override 或 static。更多的信息请看msdn help://MS.VSCC/MS.MSDNVS.2052/csspec/html/vclrfcsharpspec_13_1.htm
在下面的例子中,我们声明IEvents接口,一个方法FireEvent和一个事件event1
- public interface IEvents
- {
- event dele event1; //定义事件
- void FireEvent();//定义接口
- }
在后面的EventClass1~4类是继承了接口IEvent,因此在这几个类中必须实现上述一个方法和一个事件。下面的实例可以帮助大家更好的理解。
这是一个简单的windows Forms,包含一个textbox,几个labels和一个button,在程序启动时焦点在textbox,捕捉键盘按下事件,除方向键外,我能过接口来触事方向键按下事件。#p#
下面的代码是一个网上常见的C#接口编程实例,大家可以拷贝下来,保存为.cs文件,用CSC编译就行
C#接口编程实例代码如下:
- using System;
- using System.Drawing;
- using System.Collections;
- using System.ComponentModel;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- using System.Data;
- namespace Events_Interfaces
- {
- public delegate void dele();
- //声明代表 delegate 关键字通知编译器 dele 是一个委托类型
- public interface IEvents
- //定义接口IEvents,包含方法FireEvent事件event1
- {
- event dele event1;
- void FireEvent();
- }
- public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
- {
- private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
- private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
- private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
- private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
- private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;
- private System.ComponentModel.Container components =null;
- public Form1()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- }
- protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
- {
- if( disposing )
- {
- if (components != null)
- {
- components.Dispose();
- }
- }
- base.Dispose( disposing );
- }
- #region Windows Form Designer generated code
- private void InitializeComponent()
- {
- this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
- this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
- this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
- this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
- this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
- this.SuspendLayout();
- this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 80);
- this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
- this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(56,23);
- this.textBox1.TabIndex = 1;
- this.textBox1.Text = "";
- this.textBox1.KeyDown +=
- new System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventHandler(this.Key_Press);
- this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 16);
- this.label1.Name = "label1";
- this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(256,64);
- this.label1.TabIndex = 0;
- this.label1.Text =
- "Whenever you use the arrow keys inside the text box,
- Corresponding events will be" +"
- fired to display the label appropriately. Have a try!!";
- this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(240, 112);
- this.button1.Name = "button1";
- this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(48,23);
- this.button1.TabIndex = 3;
- this.button1.Text = "Exit";
- this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
- //
- // label2
- //
- this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 80);
- this.label2.Name = "label2";
- this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(184,23);
- this.label2.TabIndex = 2;
- this.label2.TextAlign =
- System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.MiddleCenter;
- //
- // label3
- //C#接口编程实例
- this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 104);
- this.label3.Name = "label3";
- this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64,23);
- this.label3.TabIndex = 4;
- this.label3.TextAlign =
- System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.MiddleCenter;
- //
- // Form1
- //C#接口编程实例
- this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 16);
- this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292,141);
- this.Controls.AddRange(
- new System.Windows.Forms.Control[] {
- this.label3,this.button1,this.label2,
- this.textBox1,this.label1});
- this.Font= new System.Drawing.Font(
- "Comic SansMS",8.25F,System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular,
- System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point,((System.Byte)(0)));
- this.Name = "Form1";
- this.Text = "Events";
- this.ResumeLayout(false);
- }
- #endregion
- static void Main()
- {
- Application.Run(new Form1());
- }
- private void Key_Press(object sender,
- System.Windows.Forms.KeyEventArgs e)
- {
- textBox1.Text = "";
- label2.Text = "";
- string keyId = e.KeyCode.ToString();
- switch (keyId)//判断是否按下方向键
- {
- case "Right":
- label3.Text = "";
- IEvents id1 = new EventClass1(); //实例化一个接口
- id1.event1 += new dele(EventFired1);
- //定义EventClass1中的事件响应方法
- id1.FireEvent();
- //调用EventClass1中的FireEvent方法,
- //触发event1 事件,事件调用EventFired1方法
- break;
- case "Left":
- label3.Text = "";
- IEvents id2 = new EventClass2();
- id2.event1 += new
- dele(EventFired2);
- id2.FireEvent();
- break;
- case "Down":
- label3.Text = "";
- IEvents id3 = new EventClass3();
- id3.event1 += new
- dele(EventFired3);
- id3.FireEvent();
- break;
- case "Up":
- label3.Text = "";
- IEvents id4 = new EventClass4();
- id4.event1 += new
- dele(EventFired4);
- id4.FireEvent();
- break;
- default:
- label3.Text = keyId;
- break;
- }
- }
- //EventFired1方法
- public void EventFired1()
- {
- label2.Text = "";
- label2.Text = "You pressed RIGHT arrow key";
- }
- public void EventFired2()
- {
- label2.Text = "";
- label2.Text = "You pressed LEFT arrow key";
- }
- public void EventFired3()
- {
- label2.Text = "";
- label2.Text = "You pressed DOWN arrow key";
- }
- public void EventFired4()
- {
- label2.Text = "";
- label2.Text = "You pressed UP arrow key";
- }
- //C#接口编程实例
- private void button1_Click(object sender,
- System.EventArgs e)
- {
- Application.Exit();
- }
- }
- public class EventClass1 : IEvents
- {
- public event dele event1;
- public void FireEvent()
- {
- event1();
- }
- }
- public class EventClass2 : IEvents
- {
- public event dele event1;
- public void FireEvent()
- {
- event1();
- }
- }
- public class EventClass3 : IEvents
- {
- public event dele event1;
- public void FireEvent()
- {
- event1();
- }
- }
- public class EventClass4 :
- IEvents//EventClass1继承接口IEvents
- {
- public event dele event1;//定义事件成员event1
- //当事件发生时
- public void FireEvent()
- {
- event1();//C#接口编程实例之调用事件处理
- }
- }
- }
C#接口编程实例的基本内容就向你介绍到这里,希望对你了解和学习C#接口编程有所帮助。
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