.NET将关于多线程的功能定义在System.Threading名字空间中。因此,要实现C#.NET多线程应用,必须先声明引用此名字空间(using System.Threading;)。
即使你没有编写c#.net多线程应用程序的经验,也可能听说过“启动线程”“杀死线程”这些词,其实除了这两个外,涉及多线程方面的还有诸如“暂停线程”“优先级”“挂起线程”“恢复线程”等等。下面将一个一个的解释。
a.启动线程
顾名思义,“启动线程”就是新建并启动一个线程的意思,如下代码可实现:
- Thread thread1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart( Count));
其中的 Count 是将要被新线程执行的函数。
b.杀死线程
“杀死线程”就是将一线程斩草除根,为了不白费力气,在杀死一个线程前***先判断它是否还活着(通过 IsAlive 属性),然后就可以调用 Abort 方法来杀死此线程。
c.暂停线程
它的意思就是让一个正在运行的线程休眠一段时间。如 thread.Sleep(1000); 就是让线程休眠1秒钟。
d.优先级
这个用不着解释了。Thread类中有一个ThreadPriority属性,它用来设置优先级,但不能保证操作系统会接受该优先级。一个线程的优先级可分为5种:Normal, AboveNormal, BelowNormal, Highest, Lowest。具体实现例子如下:
- thread.Priority = ThreadPriority.Highest;
e.挂起线程
Thread类的Suspend方法用来挂起线程,知道调用Resume,此线程才可以继续执行。如果线程已经挂起,那就不会起作用。
- if (thread.ThreadState = ThreadState.Running)
- {
- thread.Suspend();
- }
f.恢复线程
用来恢复已经挂起的线程,以让它继续执行,如果线程没挂起,也不会起作用。
- if (thread.ThreadState = ThreadState.Suspended)
- {
- thread.Resume();
- }
下面将列出一个例子,以说明简单的线程处理功能。此例子来自于帮助文档。
- using System;
- using System.Threading;
- // Simple threading scenario: Start a static method running
- // on a second thread.
- public class ThreadExample {
- // The ThreadProc method is called when the thread starts.
- // It loops ten times, writing to the console and yielding
- // the rest of its time slice each time, and then ends.
- public static void ThreadProc() {
- for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
- Console.WriteLine("ThreadProc: {0}", i);
- // Yield the rest of the time slice.
- Thread.Sleep(0);
- }
- }
- public static void Main() {
- Console.WriteLine("Main thread: Start a second thread.");
- // The constructor for the Thread class requires a ThreadStart
- // delegate that represents the method to be executed on the
- // thread. C# simplifies the creation of this delegate.
- Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ThreadProc));
- // Start ThreadProc. On a uniprocessor, the thread does not get
- // any processor time until the main thread yields. Uncomment
- // the Thread.Sleep that follows t.Start() to see the difference.
- t.Start();
- //Thread.Sleep(0);
- for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
- Console.WriteLine("Main thread: Do some work.");
- Thread.Sleep(0);
- }
- Console.WriteLine("Main thread: Call Join(), to wait until ThreadProc ends.");
- t.Join();
- Console.WriteLine("Main thread: ThreadProc.Join has returned. Press Enter to end program.");
- Console.ReadLine();
- }
- }
此代码产生的输出类似如下内容:
- Main thread: Start a second thread.
- Main thread: Do some work.
- ThreadProc: 0
- Main thread: Do some work.
- ThreadProc: 1
- Main thread: Do some work.
- ThreadProc: 2
- Main thread: Do some work.
- ThreadProc: 3
- Main thread: Call Join(), to wait until ThreadProc ends.
- ThreadProc: 4
- ThreadProc: 5
- ThreadProc: 6
- ThreadProc: 7
- ThreadProc: 8
- ThreadProc: 9
- Main thread: ThreadProc.Join has returned. Press Enter to end program.
C#.NET多线程应用的相关知识就介绍到这里,是不是非常简单呢?
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