本文是iPhone多视图开发和WebService客户端技术实现的一个案例介绍。文中以一个简单的例子来说明iPhone多视图开发。
1.新建iPhone项目
打开XCode,新建IPhone项目,选择“window-based Application”模板,项目名称暂定为shouji138,效果如下图:
完成之后的界面如下图:
2.添加控制视图的ViewController类:SwitchViewController;
这里用一个ViewController来负责整个程序的视图跳转,这样控制起来就很方便了。
在XCode左边“Classes”上面点右键,“Add”->“New File...”,选择“Cocoa Touch Class”->“UIViewController subclass”,取名为SwitchViewController,如下图:
3.添加第一个视图的控制类FirstViewController
添加第一个视图控制类,命名为FirstViewController,方法同上,如下图:
4.添加第一个视图,FirstView.xib
添加视图文件,在Resources上面新建文件,选择“User Interface”->“View XIB”,输入名称“FirstView”,如下图:
#p#
5.连接好FirstView的对应关系
添加了视图控制类和XIB文件之后,需要将他们关联起来。方法如下:
双击新建的“FirstView.xib”文件,打开界面设计器,选择"FirstView.xib"的属性面板,选中“File's Owner”,如下图:
选中菜单“Tools”->“Inspector”,调出属性窗口,选中最后一个标签栏,在“Class”下,选中“FirstViewController”,如下图:
在第二个标签栏,选中“Outlets”下的view,用鼠标拖曳它到FirstView.xib属性窗口中的“View”上面,如下图:
6.在FirstView.xib上添加控件
选择菜单“Tools”->“Library”,调出控件库,拖一个Label和Button到设计窗口,效果如下图:
7.添加第二个视图:SecondViewController和SecondView.xib
如法炮制添加第二个视图,方法同上。
8.连接好SecondView的对应关系
如法炮制连接好ViewController和View。
9.在SecondView.xib添加控件
如法炮制添加好控件,如下图。
10.在控制类SwitchViewController添加代码,实现对2个视图的跳转。
在SwitchViewController.h中添加代码:
- //
- // SwitchViewController.h
- // shouji138.com 手机主题
- //
- // Created by administrator on 8/27/09.
- // Copyright 2009 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import
- @class FirstViewController;
- @class SecondViewController;
- @interface SwitchViewController : UIViewController {
- FirstViewController* firstviewcontroller;
- SecondViewController* secondviewcontroller;
- }
- @property (nonatomic,retain) FirstViewController* firstviewcontroller;
- @property (nonatomic,retain) SecondViewController* secondviewcontroller;
- -(void)initView;
- -(void)showFirstView;
- -(void)showSecondView;
- -(void)removeAllView;
- @end
- 说明一下:
- initView 方法用来程序加载时初始化view,showFirstView方法用来显示第一个view,showSecondView用来显示第二view。
- 在SwitchViewController.m中添加代码:
- //
- // SwitchViewController.m
- // shouji138.com 手机主题
- //
- // Created by administrator on 8/27/09.
- // Copyright 2009 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "SwitchViewController.h"
- #import "FirstViewController.h"
- #import "SecondViewController.h"
- @implementation SwitchViewController
- @synthesize firstviewcontroller;
- @synthesize secondviewcontroller;
- -(void)initView{
- NSLog(@"ttt");
- if(self.firstviewcontroller == nil){
- self.firstviewcontroller = [[FirstViewController alloc]initWithNibName:@"FirstView" bundle:nil];
- }
- [self removeAllView];
- [self.view insertSubview:self.firstviewcontroller.view atIndex:0];
- }
- -(void)showFirstView{
- if(self.firstviewcontroller == nil){
- self.firstviewcontroller = [[FirstViewController alloc]initWithNibName:@"FirstView" bundle:nil];
- }
- [self removeAllView];
- [self.view insertSubview:self.firstviewcontroller.view atIndex:0];
- }
- -(void)showSecondView{
- if(self.secondviewcontroller == nil){
- self.secondviewcontroller = [[SecondViewController alloc]initWithNibName:@"SecondView" bundle:nil];
- }
- [self removeAllView];
- [self.view insertSubview:self.secondviewcontroller.view atIndex:0];
- }
- -(void)removeAllView{
- for(NSInteger i=0;i<[self.view.subviews count];i++){
- [[self.view.subviews objectAtIndex:i] removeFromSuperview];
- }
- }
- /*
- // The designated initializer. Override if you create the controller programmatically and want to perform customization that is not appropriate for viewDidLoad.
- - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil {
- if (self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil]) {
- // Custom initialization
- }
- return self;
- }
- */
- /*
- // Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib.
- - (void)loadView {
- }
- */
- /*
- // Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
- - (void)viewDidLoad {
- [super viewDidLoad];
- }
- */
- /*
- // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation.
- - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation {
- // Return YES for supported orientations
- return (interfaceOrientation == UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait);
- }
- */
- - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
- // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview.
- [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
- // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use.
- }
- - (void)viewDidUnload {
- // Release any retained subviews of the main view.
- // e.g. self.myOutlet = nil;
- }
- - (void)dealloc {
- [firstviewcontroller release];
- [secondviewcontroller release];
- [super dealloc];
- }
- @end
#p#
11.修改shouji138AppDelegate代码
修改shouji138AppDelegate.h,代码如下:
- //
- // shouji138AppDelegate.h
- // shouji138.com 手机主题
- //
- // Created by administrator on 8/27/09.
- // Copyright __MyCompanyName__ 2009. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import
- @class SwitchViewController;
- @interface shouji138AppDelegate : NSObject
{ - IBOutlet UIWindow *window;
- IBOutlet SwitchViewController *viewController;
- }
- @property (nonatomic, retain) UIWindow *window;
- @property (nonatomic, retain) SwitchViewController *viewController;
- +(shouji138AppDelegate *)App;
- @end
- 修改shouji138AppDelegate.m代码如下:
- //
- // shouji138AppDelegate.m
- // shouji138.com 手机主题下载
- //
- // Created by administrator on 8/27/09.
- // Copyright __MyCompanyName__ 2009. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "shouji138AppDelegate.h"
- #import "SwitchViewController.h"
- @implementation shouji138AppDelegate
- @synthesize window;
- @synthesize viewController;
- - (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(UIApplication *)application {
- // Override point for customization after application launch
- [window addSubview:viewController.view];
- [viewController initView];
- [window makeKeyAndVisible];
- }
- +(shouji138AppDelegate *)App{
- return (shouji138AppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication]delegate];
- }
- - (void)dealloc {
- [window release];
- [viewController release];
- [super dealloc];
- }
- @end
其中:applicationDidFinishLaunching 方法中调用了SwitchViewController的initView方法,把第一个视图FirstView加载到了屏幕中,因此程序运行之后,我们看到的第一个页面是FirstView。
选择菜单“Build”->“Build”,进行编译,如果没有问题,应该可以编译通过。
12.在MainWindow.xib中连接好与SwitchViewController的对应关系。
这一步是非常重要的。
双击“MainWindow.xib”,调出“Interface Builder”;
从Library控件库中,拖动一个view Controller到“MainWindow.xib”窗口;
将这个添加的view Controller的Class设置为SwitchViewController;
选择“Shouji138 APP Delegate”,在“Outlets”->“viewController”中,拖曳一个连接线到“Switch View Controller”;
到此,完成了最重要的部分了,保存之后,点击“Build and Go”,应该会出现第一个页面。
13.添加FirstViewController和SecondViewController代码
修改FirstViewController.h如下:
- //
- // FirstViewController.h
- // shouji138.com
- //
- // Created by administrator on 8/27/09.
- // Copyright 2009 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import
- @interface FirstViewController : UIViewController {
- }
- -(IBAction)buttonClick:(id)sender;
- @end
- 修改FirstViewController.m如下
- //
- // FirstViewController.m
- // shouji138.com
- //
- // Created by administrator on 8/27/09.
- // Copyright 2009 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "FirstViewController.h"
- #import "shouji138AppDelegate.h"
- #import "SwitchViewController.h"
- @implementation FirstViewController
- -(IBAction)buttonClick:(id)sender{
- [[shouji138AppDelegate App].viewController showSecondView];
- }
- ....中间省略.....
- - (void)dealloc {
- [super dealloc];
- }
- @end
- 修改SecondViewController.h如下:
- //
- // SecondViewController.h
- // shouji138.com
- //
- // Created by administrator on 8/27/09.
- // Copyright 2009 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import
- @interface SecondViewController : UIViewController {
- }
- -(IBAction)buttonClick:(id)sender;
- @end
- 修改SecondViewController.m如下:
- //
- // SecondViewController.m
- // shouji138.com
- //
- // Created by administrator on 8/27/09.
- // Copyright 2009 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "SecondViewController.h"
- #import "shouji138AppDelegate.h"
- #import "SwitchViewController.h"
- @implementation SecondViewController
- -(IBAction)buttonClick:(id)sender{
- [[shouji138AppDelegate App].viewController showFirstView];
- }
- ....中间省略.....
- - (void)dealloc {
- [super dealloc];
- }
- @end
编译一下。
14.连接输出口
双击“FirstView.xib”,进入“Interface Builder”,选择“Show Second”按钮,选择“Button Connections”->“Events”->“Touch Up Inside”,拖出连接线到“File's Owner”,选择输出口“buttonClick”,效果如下图:
按照同样的设置,将SecondView.xib的“Show First”按钮事件连接到SecondViewController的buttonClick方法。
15.运行调试
点击“Build and Go”,在模拟器上出现第一个页面,点击“Show Second”按钮,跳转到第二个页面,点击“Show First”按钮,跳转到第一个页面。
本文来自haolinks的博客:《iPhone多视图开发》
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