C#使用GDI+
当我们的软件需要各种饼状图和柱状图来表示数据时,我们或许会想到用Offices中的图形控件或是第三方控件,但现在的第三方控件大都需要注册,有些免费的控件会有开发商的标记等。而对于使用Offices的图形控件来说,并不能在程序中得于很好控制,其使用的简易程度也较低,所以在这我给出在C#使用GDI+实现饼状图和柱状图跟数据库联接显示数据的方法。
- using System;
- using System.IO;//用于文件存取
- using System.Data;//用于数据访问
- using System.Drawing;//提供画GDI+图形的基本功能
- using System.Drawing.Text;//提供画GDI+图形的高级功能
- using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;//提供画高级二维,矢量图形功能
- using System.Drawing.Imaging;//提供画GDI+图形的高级功能
- namespace BaseLayer
- {
- public class PieChart
- {
- public PieChart()
- {
- }
- //Render是图形大标题,图开小标题,图形宽度,图形长度,
饼图的数据集和饼图的数据集要表示出来的数据- public Image Render(string title, string subTitle, int width,
int height, DataSet chartData,int DataLine)- {
- const int SIDE_LENGTH = 400;
- const int PIE_DIAMETER = 200;
- DataTable dt = chartData.Tables[0];
- //通过输入参数,取得饼图中的总基数
- float sumData = 0;
- foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
- {
- sumData += Convert.ToSingle(dr[DataLine]);
- }
- //产生一个image对象,并由此产生一个Graphics对象
- Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width,height);
- Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm);
- //设置对象g的属性
- g.ScaleTransform((Convert.ToSingle(width))/SIDE_LENGTH,
(Convert.ToSingle(height))/SIDE_LENGTH);- g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.Default;
- g.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;
- //画布和边的设定
- g.Clear(Color.White);
- g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,0,0,SIDE_LENGTH-1,SIDE_LENGTH-1);
- //画饼图标题
- g.DrawString(title,new Font("Tahoma",14),Brushes.Black,new PointF(5,5));
- //画饼图的图例
- g.DrawString(subTitle,new Font("Tahoma",12),Brushes.Black,new PointF(7,35));
- //画饼图
- float curAngle = 0;
- float totalAngle = 0;
- for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
- {
- curAngle = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][DataLine]) / sumData * 360;
- g.FillPie(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),
100,65,PIE_DIAMETER,PIE_DIAMETER,totalAngle,curAngle);- g.DrawPie(Pens.Black,100,65,PIE_DIAMETER,PIE_DIAMETER,totalAngle,curAngle);
- totalAngle += curAngle;
- }
- //画图例框及其文字
- g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,200,300,199,99);
- g.DrawString("图表说明",new Font("Tahoma",12,FontStyle.Bold),
Brushes.Black,new PointF(200,300));- //画图例各项
- PointF boxOrigin = new PointF(210,330);
- PointF textOrigin = new PointF(235,326);
- float percent = 0;
- for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
- {
- g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),
boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);- g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);
- percent = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][DataLine]) / sumData * 100;
- g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][1].ToString() + " - " + dt.Rows[i][0].ToString() +
" (" + percent.ToString("0") + "%)",new Font("Tahoma",10),Brushes.Black,textOrigin);- boxOrigin.Y += 15;
- textOrigin.Y += 15;
- }
- //回收资源
- g.Dispose();
- return (Image) bm;
- }
- }
- //画条形图
- public class BarChart
- {
- public BarChart()
- {
- }
- //Render是图形大标题,图开小标题,图形宽度,图形长度,饼图的数据集和饼图的数据集
- public Image Render
(string title, string subTitle, int width, int height, DataSet chartData)- {
- const int SIDE_LENGTH = 400;
- const int CHART_TOP = 75;
- const int CHART_HEIGHT = 200;
- const int CHART_LEFT = 50;
- const int CHART_WIDTH = 300;
- DataTable dt = chartData.Tables[0];
- //计算最高的点
- float highPoint = 0;
- foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
- {
- if(highPoint<Convert.ToSingle(dr[0]))
- {
- highPoint = Convert.ToSingle(dr[0]);
- }
- }
- //建立一个Graphics对象实例
- Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width,height);
- try
- {
- Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm);
- //设置条图图形和文字属性
- g.ScaleTransform((Convert.ToSingle(width))/SIDE_LENGTH,
(Convert.ToSingle(height))/SIDE_LENGTH);- g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.Default;
- g.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;
- //设定画布和边
- g.Clear(Color.White);
- g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,0,0,SIDE_LENGTH-1,SIDE_LENGTH-1);
- //画大标题
- g.DrawString(title,new Font("Tahoma",14),Brushes.Black,new PointF(5,5));
- //画小标题
- g.DrawString(subTitle,new Font("Tahoma",12),Brushes.Black,new PointF(7,35));
- //画条形图
- float barWidth = CHART_WIDTH / (dt.Rows.Count * 2);
- PointF barOrigin = new PointF(CHART_LEFT + (barWidth / 2),0);
- float barHeight = dt.Rows.Count;
- for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
- {
- barHeight = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][0]) * 200 / highPoint * 1;
- barOrigin.Y = CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT - barHeight;
- g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),
barOrigin.X,barOrigin.Y,barWidth,barHeight);- barOriginbarOrigin.X = barOrigin.X + (barWidth * 2);
- }
- //设置边
- g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black,2),new Point(CHART_LEFT,CHART_TOP),
new Point(CHART_LEFT,CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT));- g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Black,2),new Point(CHART_LEFT,CHART_TOP +
CHART_HEIGHT),new Point(CHART_LEFT + CHART_WIDTH,CHART_TOP + CHART_HEIGHT));- //画图例框和文字
- g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black,1),200,300,199,99);
- g.DrawString("图表说明",new Font("Tahoma",12,FontStyle.Bold),
Brushes.Black,new PointF(200,300));- //画图例
- PointF boxOrigin = new PointF(210,330);
- PointF textOrigin = new PointF(235,326);
- for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
- {
- g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(ChartUtil.GetChartItemColor(i)),
boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);- g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Black,boxOrigin.X,boxOrigin.Y,20,10);
- g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][1].ToString() + " - " + dt.Rows[i][0].
ToString(),new Font("Tahoma",10),Brushes.Black,textOrigin);- boxOrigin.Y += 15;
- textOrigin.Y += 15;
- }
- //输出图形
- g.Dispose();
- return bm;
- }
- catch
- {
- return bm;
- }
- }
- }
- public class ChartUtil
- {
- public ChartUtil()
- {
- }
- public static Color GetChartItemColor(int itemIndex)
- {
- Color selectedColor;
- switch(itemIndex)
- {
- case 0:
- selectedColor = Color.Blue;
- break;
- case 1:
- selectedColor = Color.Red;
- break;
- case 2:
- selectedColor = Color.Yellow;
- break;
- case 3:
- selectedColor = Color.Purple;
- break;
- default:
- selectedColor = Color.Green;
- break;
- }
- return selectedColor;
- }
- }
- }
以上是一个完整的WinForm中制作饼状图和柱状图源程序,大家可以通过以上程序的更改,做出能满足自己程序的需要。C#使用GDI+实现饼状图和柱状图跟数据库联接显示数据的方法。
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